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Chunk #0 — 1. Introduction

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Olfaction in the psychosis prodrome: electrophysiological and behavioral measures of odor detection.
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Schizophrenia is a chronic illness with an onset of symptoms typically occurring early in life (i.e., during young adulthood). Before a first onset of psychosis, a prodromal period occurs in over 70% of schizophrenia cases (Häfner et al., 2003), which is characterized by attenuated psychotic symptoms, anxiety, social and role dysfunction, and affective symptoms. In the hope of reducing morbidity and preventing or delaying onset through early intervention, current efforts aim at identifying young people at risk during this prodromal stage (e.g., Corcoran et al., 2010; Fusar-Poli et al., 2012b). Little is known, however, about the underlying pathophysiology of emerging psychosis. A large multisite study (Cannon et al., 2008) that followed individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis for 2.5 years reported that certain clinical characteristics assessed at baseline predicted psychosis, including genetic risk with recent functional decline, positive symptom severity, social impairment and substance abuse; however, no psychophysiological measures were included. These findings are consistent with previous studies which identified as predictors poor role function, earlier onset, and longer duration and greater severity of prodromal symptoms (Amminger et