We examined neural response to win vs. loss in the following five a priori neural regions of interest (ROIs): (1) ventral and dorsal striatum; (2) mPFC, including medial BA9, medial BA10, and BA32 (24); (3) medial OFC, defined as BAs 11 and 12; (4) lateral OFC, defined as BA47; and (5) DLPFC. We distinguished medial from lateral OFC because of claims that these two subregions differ in function, with medial OFC specializing in value-related choice and lateral OFC specializing in reward learning, inhibitory control, and regulation of reward responding [30], [31]. In addition, DLPFC was included because of emerging findings indicating its disruption in addiction, especially during decision-making [32]. ROIs were defined anatomically using the WFU PickAtlas Tool (v3.0.4), either by creating a sphere around a set of central coordinates (for VS, 10 mm radius around [0, 10, −10], [33]; for mPFC, 20 mm radius around [0, 42, 18], [34]) or by selecting a region (i.e., BA47 for lateral OFC; BAs 11 and 12 for medial OFC; BAs 9 and 46 for DLPFC). The mPFC ROI was designed to focus on dorsal mPFC, so that it would not overlap with the medial OFC ROI.
