progenitors led to extensive cell death at the anterior foregut stage thereby preventing further differentiation (Fig. S6I). Similarly, specification of pancreatic endocrine cells was also impaired by knockdown of DPY30 in the initial stage of differentiation (Fig. 6D). However, neither hepatocyte nor pancreatic endocrine cell specification was significantly affected by knockdown of DPY30 in maturing progenitors or differentiated cells (Fig. 6D,E, Fig. S6I). By contrast, neuronal differentiation was promoted following DPY30 knockdown during the induction of neuroepithelial progenitors (Fig. S6J). Finally, DPY30 knockdown at any stage during smooth muscle cell differentiation had no effect on the expression of key lineage markers (Fig. S6K).