posited that parental monitoring is mainly driven by adolescent disclosure (Stattin and Kerr, 2000), which certainly is part of the overall monitoring process. In addition to disclosure items (see Table 1), the measures in the current study included items that assessed active parental monitoring and supervision, or the lack of it (e.g., “Your parents let you go any place you please without asking.”). Thus, the findings from the current study provide evidence that active efforts by the parents to supervise their adolescent may limit their growth in alcohol use.
