The last three papers look at specific methods that can be used to improve genetic research with diverse racial/ethnic population groups. Peterson et al. 10 describe the use of an empirical clustering method of genome-wide markers to define ancestral membership, an improvement over self-report methods. Zhang and Gelernter 11 provide a literature review regarding potential epigenetic changes in DNA methylation resulting from chronic alcohol consumption. The last paper by Cservenka et al. 12 summarizes existing pharmacogenetics studies of treatments for AUD in patients of European, African, East Asian, and American Indian and Alaskan Native ancestry.
