Ingenuity® pathway analyses uncovered networks overlapping and extending those detected with the GO analysis. In agreement with the GO biological processes category of ‘anti-apoptosis’ genes, the Ingenuity® pathway analysis revealed a network of 11 genes involved in apoptosis, 8 of which were reduced in the CA group (Cast, Ccr5, Ece1, Nos3, Ntrk2, Plce1, Slc2a1, Tgfbr3). Several of these genes have been implicated in alcoholism and drug abuse, including reports that (a) Cast gene expression is reduced in the frontal cortex of alcoholics vs. nonalcoholics (Liu et al., 2006); (b) female, but not male, Ccr5 knock-out mice display greater ethanol intake, but not preference, as well as ethanol-induced conditioned taste aversion than their wild type counterparts (Blednov et al., 2005); and (c) Slc2a1 (facilitated glucose transporter) gene expression is increased in the ACB of iP rats operantly self-administering ethanol, although, at the same time, family member Slc2a3 (facilitated glucose transporter) gene expression is decreased (Rodd et al., 2008). Regarding Ntrk2, its gene expression is decreased in the frontal and motor cortices of alcoholics (Mayfield et al., 2002). Moreover, single nucleotide polymorphism
