The study was designed to evaluate the viability of the FCU for families most in need of caregiving support. The flow of participant recruitment in all phases of the study is summarized in Figure 1. Recruitment risk criteria were defined as one standard deviation above normative means or if established clinical cut points (i.e., for CES-D Eyberg)were met on screening measures in at least two of the following three domains: (a) child behavior problems (conduct problems—Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory; Robinson, Eyberg, & Ross, 1980; or high-conflict relationships with adults—Adult Child Relationship Scale; adapted from Pianta, 1995), (b) primary caregiver problems (maternal depression—Center for Epidemiological Studies on Depression Scale; Radloff, 1977; or daily parenting challenges—Parenting Daily Hassles; Crnic & Greenberg, 1990; or self-report of substance or mental health diagnosis, or adolescent parent at birth of first child), and (3) sociodemographic risk (low education achievement—less than or equal to a mean of 2 years of post–high school education between parents or low family income per WIC criterion; Trentacosta et al., 2008). In the case of children not qualifying on the criterion of
