Second, we found that for men 55 to 74 years of age and for women 60 to 74 years of age, the rate of death from all causes combined is now at least three times as high among current smokers as among those who have never smoked. This finding parallels and extends the findings in the British Doctors’ Study,30 the Million Women Study,31 and the U.S. National Health Interview Survey.32 These studies show that more than two thirds of all deaths among current smokers in these age groups are associated with smoking.