Brain oscillations have been proposed to represent neurophysiological correlates of human information processing and cognitive function (Basar et al., 1999, Karakas et al., 2000). They have also been considered endophenotypes for complex genetic disorders, including drug addiction and psychiatric disorders (for reviews, see Begleiter and Porjesz, 2006; Porjesz et al., 2005). There is evidence to suggest that individuals with a positive family history of alcoholism have decreased P3 amplitude prior to significant ethanol drinking (Bauer et al., 1994; Begleiter et al., 1984; Pfefferbaum et al., 1991). Findings from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) have achieved significant progress identifying EROs associated with the human P3 component and several genes potentially involved in their regulation (for reviews, see Begleiter and Porjesz, 2006; Porjesz et al., 2005; Rangaswamy and Porjesz, 2008). Those studies have shown that ethanol dependent individuals manifest significantly less evoked delta and theta ERO power than age-matched controls (Jones et al., 2006a). Rangaswamy et al. (2007) have shown that adolescent offspring of ethanol dependent individuals have reduced delta and theta ERO power. These results suggest that
