Two main study limitations should be acknowledged. First, we did not include an adult comparison group in this report. Thus, we do not know whether or not our later adolescent FRN ERPs reflect “mature” responses. However, previous developmental work with the FRN has shown late adolescent and adult FRNs have comparable magnitude (Eppinger et al., 2009; Hämmerer et al., 2011; Santesso et al., 2011). Second, because we did not assess gonadal hormones for this report, we cannot ascertain the impact of this aspect of neurobiological function on the sex differences we observed.
