Chunk #48 — Methods — Cohorts and opioid addiction phenotype

Source

Multi-trait genome-wide association study of opioid addiction: OPRM1 and beyond.

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In the GENOA studies, OA was defined based either on the frequency of opioid use (FOU) or Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) of Mental Disorders criteria. Some studies included only opioid-exposed individuals in their control groups, while others included both exposed and unexposed individuals.