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Chunk #4 — Characteristics of Early-Life Stress

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The influence of gene-environment interactions on the development of alcoholism and drug dependence.
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Exposure to SLEs is common in the general population. The National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R) reported that 53% of adults had experienced some kind of stressor before age 18 [10], most commonly parental divorce or death, family violence, economic adversity, or mental illness. The NCS-R prevalence for childhood maltreatment subgroups was 8.4% for physical abuse, 6% for sexual abuse, and 5.6% for parental neglect [10]. However, higher prevalences have been reported in other studies (eg, in Native American tribes) [9•].