The findings using average-, linked mastoid-, and Cz-referenced asymmetry scores are only partially consistent with the extant literature. They are consistent in that: 1) To the extent that asymmetry relates to depression under these reference montages, it does so in women, and most of the extant depression and EEG asymmetry literature is based on female samples (Coan & Allen, 2004; Thibodeaux et al., 2006); and, 2) relatively less left frontal activity was observed among those with higher levels of depressive symptoms. The findings are inconsistent in that they fail to support the idea that frontal EEG asymmetry recorded under these reference montages is related to a lifetime history of MDD. For example, Gotlib et al. (1998) found that individuals with any history of depression, regardless of whether currently symptomatic, showed relatively less left frontal activity as assessed using a Cz reference montage, and Henriques and Davidson (1990) found that previously depressed but euthymic individuals showed relatively less left frontal activity than never depressed controls using the LM reference montage. One key difference between these studies and the present study might
