Several researchers have proposed a significant correlation between AUDs and impulse control disorders [70–72]. Nevertheless, a consensus has not been reached regarding whether impulsivity emerges as a result of prolonged alcohol exposure or predates alcohol consumption, thereby increasing individuals’ susceptibility to addiction. Argues and her colleagues suggested that impulsivity could already be present practically from birth as a personality trait, and it may be a marker for early use and/or abuse of alcohol [73]. The results of our mediation analysis indicate that impulsivity as an independent variable affected the addiction severity (MAST scores) through the mean EC strength from the right NACC to the left pre-SMA. This study offers crucial evidence supporting the notion that individuals exhibiting high levels of impulsivity are at heightened susceptibility to AUD. These findings present an opportunity to further develop robust methods for identifying hazardous drinkers or individuals with an AUD, as well as refine diagnostic instruments to increase their applicability across treatment settings and subpopulations. Additionally, these findings offer important targets for interventions aimed at preventing and treating AUD. Utilizing various techniques, such as
