We recruited 115 participants (60 men, 55 women) who were interested in quitting smoking from the Houston metropolitan area. Participants enrolled in the study were paid a total of $125 for attending one enrollment session and four laboratory sessions. Individuals were eligible for the study if they were between the ages of 18 and 59 years, smoked ≥10 cigarettes per day, produced an expired carbon monoxide (CO) level >8 ppm, were fluent in English, and had no uncontrolled medical illness. Individuals were ineligible if they were taking psychotropic or narcotic medications, met the criteria for a current psychiatric disorder, reported hearing loss, or were involved in a current smoking-cessation activity. The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center's institutional review board approved our protocol. We obtained written informed consent from the eligible participants.
