Consistent with the TEDS data (SAMHSA, 2015), our findings reveal a need for research to elucidate factors contributing to CUD among blacks, such as community-level CU norms and blunt use (Lipperman-Kreda et al., 2014). Black race is related to an increased prevalence of blunt smoking, and blunt smoking is positively associated with cannabis abuse/dependence symptoms (Fairmam et al., 2015; Timberlake, 2013). In addition, native-Americans as a group have a poor health status and face substantial barriers to timely healthcare (e.g., low income, low education, high rates of chronic diseases) (Liao et al., 2011; US Census Bureau, 2014). We found that approximately 9% native-American adults reported CU weekly (≥52 days/year) and 3% had a CUD in the past year. However, the national survey of household residents may not fully capture the CUD prevalence on or near reservations. Descriptive data suggested that native-Americans were over-represented in the California medical cannabis patients (Reinarman et al., 2011). The county-level of medical cannabis cards and residents’ support for cannabis legalization (community CU norms) may increase residents’ ease of access to cannabis, including native-Americans (Friese and
