native-Americans were over-represented in the California medical cannabis patients (Reinarman et al., 2011). The county-level of medical cannabis cards and residents’ support for cannabis legalization (community CU norms) may increase residents’ ease of access to cannabis, including native-Americans (Friese and Grube, 2013). In-depth research efforts for native-Americans are warranted to inform the development of evidence-based and culturally appropriate addiction prevention and treatment approaches for this vulnerable population (Novins et al., 2016).