Sedative–hypnotic use was self-rated in 1975 and 1981 on a five-point scale and used in the analysis as no v. any use. Excess alcohol use was self-rated at these time points, defined as >42 g/day for men and >28 g/day for women, and binge drinking defined as >1 alcohol-related blackout in the prior year (Carlsson et al. 2003).
