For comparisons of Ca2+ imaging results among the normal, LR and NR groups, the difference was assessed using one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan’s test; the P value was adjusted by Benjamini and Hochberg correction, and an adjusted P value <0.05 was considered as significant. For RNA-seq, the data were analysed using the edgeR package30. For pairwise comparisons, we used quantile- adjusted conditional maximum likelihood methods. The common dispersion was calculated by using the estimateCommonDisp. The exact test is based on quantile-adjusted conditional maximum likelihood methods. Knowing the conditional distribution of the sum of counts in a group, edgeR computes exact P values by summing over all sums of counts that have a probability less than the probability under the null hypothesis of the observed sum of counts. Benjamini and Hochberg’s algorithm is used to control the false discovery rate. We performed paired comparisons to detect gene expression changes in response to Li treatment. This is an additive model with the patient as the blocking factor. For all other experiments, a two-tailed unpaired Student’s t-test was used to determine the statistical
