The second major research question concerned whether ethanol as compared to placebo produced reductions in phase locking of EROs within and between electrode locations in humans and rats. In these sets of studies only effects on the infrequent and/or target tones were analyzed in order to reduce potential multiple comparisons. In the human participants, repeated measures ANOVA revealed that ethanol produced a significant reduction in the phase lock index (PLI) to the infrequent (target) tone in the delta (F=8.58, df=1,37, p<0.006), beta (F=4.9, df=1,37, p<0.03) and gamma frequency range in frontal cortex (FZ) (F=6.2, df=1,37, p<0.017) and in central cortex (CZ) in the delta (F=8.96, df=1,37, p< 0.00543), theta (F=11.59, df=1,37, p<0.006), alpha (F=68.5, df=1,37, p<0.006), beta (300-800 ms) (F= 6.9, df=1,37, p<0.013) and gamma (F=6.97, df=1,37, p<0.012) frequencies. Significant reductions in PLI were also seen at parietal sites (PZ) in the delta (F=8.26, df=1,37, p<0.007), theta (F=10.84, df=1,37, p<0.002), and alpha (F=11.89, df=1,37, p<0.001) frequency ranges. Grand averages of the PLI values for the entire group of subjects (n = 38) for the ethanol and placebo condition are presented
