Chunk #17 — Methods — Causal evidence for risk-outcome pairs

Source

Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016.

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activity2Low physical activityColon and rectum cancer0····2015····NoYesYesYes2Low physical activityBreast cancer0····350····NoYesYesYes2Low physical activityIschaemic heart disease0····459····NoYesYesYes2Low physical activityIschaemic stroke0····2711····NoYesYesYes2Low physical activityDiabetes mellitus0····577····NoYesYesNo2High fasting plasma glucoseTuberculosis0····180····YesYesYesNo2High fasting plasma glucoseColon and rectum cancer0····210····No····Yes2High fasting plasma glucoseLiver cancer0····280····Yes····No2High fasting plasma glucosePancreatic cancer0····350····Yes····Yes2High fasting plasma glucoseLung cancer0····166····No····Yes2High fasting plasma glucoseBreast cancer0····390····No····Yes2High fasting plasma glucoseOvarian cancer0····110····No····Yes2High fasting plasma glucoseBladder cancer0····140····No····Yes2High fasting plasma glucoseIschaemic heart disease80100150······YesYesYesYes2High fasting plasma glucoseIschaemic stroke90100150······YesYesYesYes2High fasting plasma glucoseHaemorrhagic stroke90100150······YesYesYesYes2High fasting plasma glucoseAlzheimer's disease and other dementias0····170····No····No2High fasting plasma glucosePeripheral vascular disease14····40····YesYesYesYes2High fasting plasma glucoseChronic kidney disease5····32······YesYesYesNo2High fasting plasma glucoseGlaucoma0····50····No····Yes2High fasting plasma glucoseCataract0····1010No····Yes2High total cholesterolIschaemic heart disease2105788······YesYesYesYes2High total cholesterolIschaemic stroke2105788······YesYesYesYes2High systolic blood pressureRheumatic heart disease0····62······YesYesYesYes2High systolic blood pressureIschaemic heart disease560··88······YesYesYesYes2High systolic blood pressureIschaemic stroke540··150······YesYesYesYes2High systolic blood pressureHaemorrhagic stroke540··150······YesYesYesYes2High systolic blood pressureCardiomyopathy and myocarditis0····62······YesYesYesYes2High systolic blood pressureOther cardiomyopathy0····62······YesYesYesYes2High systolic blood pressureAtrial fibrillation and flutter2056088······YesYesYesYes2High systolic blood pressureAortic aneurysm0····62······YesYesYesYes2High systolic blood pressurePeripheral vascular disease0····88······YesYesYesYes2High systolic blood pressureEndocarditis0····62······YesYesYesYes2High systolic blood pressureOther cardiovascular and circulatory diseases0····88······NoYesYesYes2High systolic blood pressureChronic kidney disease8····88······YesYesYesNo2High body-mass index (adult)Non-Hodgkin lymphoma0····80····NoYesYesYes2High body-mass index (adult)Oesophageal cancer0····160······YesYesYes2High body-mass index (adult)Colon and rectum cancer0····380····NoYesYesYes2High body-mass index (adult)Liver cancer0····340····NoYesYesYes2High body-mass index (adult)Gallbladder and biliary tract cancer0····100····NoYesYesYes2High body-mass index (adult)Pancreatic cancer0····200····NoYesYesYes2High body-mass index (adult)Breast cancer (post menopause)0····442····NoYesYesYes2High body-mass index (adult)Breast cancer (pre-menopause)0····258····NoYesYesNo2High body-mass index (adult)Uterine cancer0····370····NoYesYesYes2High body-mass index (adult)Ovarian cancer0····313····NoYesYesYes2High