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Chunk #0 — I. Introduction

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Predictors of initial and sustained remission from alcohol use disorders: findings from the 30-year follow-up of the San Diego Prospective Study.
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Drinking practices and alcohol-related problems can fluctuate substantially from adolescence through middle age (Dubow et al., 2008; Jacob et al., 2009; Lemke et al., 2008; Maggs et al., 2008; Pitkanen et al., 2008). Characteristics that increase the risk for developing alcohol problems include a family history (FH) of alcohol use disorders (AUDs), a low level of response (LR) to alcohol, personality characteristics of impulsivity and related attributes, past alcohol problems, an earlier age of drinking onset, and a history of illicit drug use (Bacharach et al., 2004; Brennan and Moos, 1990; Ettner, 1997; Horwitz et al., 1996; Lynskey et al., 2003; Moos et al., 2004; Munro et al., 2000; Perreira et al., 2002; Trim et al., 2009; Umberson and Chen, 1994). Predictors of remission have also been evaluated regarding the approximate one-third of individuals who develop AUDs and who recover from this disorder without formal treatment (Cunningham et al., 2000; Dawson et al., 2006), and those who enter rehabilitation programs or participate in self-help groups who may have even higher rates of improvement (LoCastro et al., 2009; Mueller et al.,