from this disorder without formal treatment (Cunningham et al., 2000; Dawson et al., 2006), and those who enter rehabilitation programs or participate in self-help groups who may have even higher rates of improvement (LoCastro et al., 2009; Mueller et al., 2007; Vaillant 2003). A better understanding of factors related to the outcomes of alcohol use and problems over time can help identify which problematic drinkers are likely to improve, and when to initiate interventions (Lemke et al, 2005; Perreira and Sloan, 2002; Sartor et al., 2003).
