and Depression Scale (HADS) [16], alcohol dependence, Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD), and the Short-Form Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire [17]. A limited food frequency questionnaire evaluated diet for specific variables of interest: vegetables, fresh and dry fruit, ham, salami, and other processed meats, red and white meat consumption (with questions about meat cooking practices), pizza, pasta, alcohol, and vitamin/mineral supplements. Additionally, subjects were asked whether they were on special diets and for what reason. From each lung cancer case we also collected extensive clinical data, including histology and grading (ICD-O codes), TNM/stage (clinical and surgical, AJCC and UICC), imaging and pathology (surgery, biopsy, and cytology) reports, blood count and serum tumor markers, chemotherapy or radiation therapy for previous tumors, blood transfusions, and previous lung diseases with spirometry indexes. From approximately 10% of the cases, histology slides were scanned and digital images stored in a large database for archival, research, and educational purposes.
