We conclude that diverse neuron types share a coordinated transcriptional program involving genes that facilitate maintenance, elaboration, or subcellular transport to the axon and presynaptic terminal. Neuronal types characterized by extensive axonal arbors, long-distance axonal projections, and/or faster firing rates tended to utilize this transcriptional program more than other neurons. At the same time, the magnitude of expression varied among neurons of the same subtype, suggesting that this transcriptional program contributes to both intra- and inter-type diversity.