those with a later AO (after age 16 years), more than likely as a result of the restricted range for this variable among those with a later AO. Future longitudinal studies assessing relations between AO, delay, and alcohol outcomes over a longer duration are needed to determine if the current pattern of results persists. If those with a later AO/delay actually do start to “catch up” over time, future research may find that the impact of an early AO on older adults' drinking behavior actually underestimates risk for heavy drinking and problems occurring earlier in development.