2007; Bava et al., 2009; Jacobus et al., 2009; Elofson et al., 2013; Hanson et al., 2010; Medina et al., 2007a, Medina et al., 2008, Medina et al., 2007b, Medina et al., 2007c), alcohol and cocaine (Medina et al., 2006; Pennings et al., 2002; Bolla et al., 2000; Bondi et al., 1998), cannabis and nicotine (Filbey et al., 2015; Schuster et al., 2016), and cannabis and methamphetamine (Gonzalez et al., 2004) has been associated with unique neurocognitive abnormalities above and beyond single substance effects in adolescents and young adults.