Meta-analysis and genome-wide interpretation of genetic susceptibility to drug addiction.
paper
Cited
Public
- Authors
- Li, Chuan-Yun; Zhou, Wei-Zhen; Zhang, Ping-Wu; Johnson, Catherine; Wei, Liping; Uhl, George R
- Year
- 2011
- Journal
- BMC genomics
- PMID
- 21999673
- DOI
- 10.1186/1471-2164-12-508
- PMCID
- PMC3215751
BACKGROUND: Classical genetic studies provide strong evidence for heritable contributions to susceptibility to developing dependence on addictive substances. Candidate gene and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have sought genes, chromosomal regions and allelic variants likely to contribute to susceptibility to drug addiction. RESULTS: Here, we performed a meta-analysis of addiction candidate gene association studies and GWAS to investigate possible functional mechanisms associated with addiction susceptibility. From meta-data retrieved from 212 publications on candidate gene association studies and 5 GWAS reports, we linked a total of 843 haplotypes to addiction susceptibility. We mapped the SNPs in these haplotypes to functional and regulatory elements in the genome and estimated the magnitude of the contributions of different molecular mechanisms to their effects on addiction susceptibility. In addition to SNPs in coding regions, these data suggest that haplotypes in gene regulatory regions may also contribute to addiction susceptibility. When we compared the lists of genes identified by association studies and those identified by molecular biological studies of drug-regulated genes, we observed significantly higher participation in the same gene interaction networks than expected by chance, despite little overlap between the two gene lists. CONCLUSIONS: These results appear to offer new insights into the genetic factors underlying drug addiction.
Pipelines for meta-analyses, functional SNP annotations and interaction analyses. Meta-analyses of candidate gene association studies and GWAS were illustrated in detail in STEP 1. In total, 843 vulnerable haplotypes were identified, linked by 12 risk variants and 842 vulnerable SNPs. All data and knowledge were imported to an updated version of the knowledgebase for addiction-related genes (KARG 2.0, marked with a blue box). Haplotypes identified in STEP 1 were annotated with functional and regulatory elements (STEP 2). Interaction enrichment analyses between the susceptibility genes and addiction-regulated genes previously identified by molecular biology studies (KARG 1.0, marked with a blue box) were performed (STEP 3).
LLM interpretation
This figure is a flow diagram illustrating a three-step pipeline for meta-analyses, functional SNP annotations, and interaction analyses. Step 1 details the integration of candidate gene studies and GWAS into the KARG 2.0 knowledgebase, identifying 842 vulnerable SNPs and 843 haplotypes. Step 2 shows the functional annotation of these SNPs through various molecular mechanisms, while Step 3 depicts interaction enrichment analyses between these results and addiction-related genes from KARG 1.0.
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Next β
| Name | Type |
|---|---|
| 212 candidate gene association studies local | cohort |
| 5 GWAS local | cohort |
| 843 vulnerable haplotypes local | variant |
| acute rewarding local | phenotype |
| acute rewarding symptoms local | phenotype |
| addiction | phenotype |
| addiction_regulated_gene local | gene |
| addiction-related genes local | gene |
| addiction susceptibility local | phenotype |
| Addiction susceptibility local | phenotype |
| addiction susceptibility genes local | gene |
| addiction vulnerabilities local | phenotype |
| addiction vulnerable SNPs local | variant |
| Addiction vulnerable SNPs local | variant |
| addictive drug types local | drug |
| African-American poly-substance abusers local | cohort |
| alcohol | phenotype |
| alcohol dependence | phenotype |
| alternative splicing sites local | drug |
| Bdnf | gene |
| candidate gene association studies | cohort |
| Chinese | cohort |
| cis-regulatory factors local | drug |
| Common genetic background local | variant |
| complex diseases | phenotype |
| dependence | phenotype |
| Dependence on illegal substance local | phenotype |
| drug dependence | phenotype |
| drugs | drug |
| European-American poly-substance abusers local | cohort |
| European population | cohort |
| FAAH | gene |
| functional SNPs local | variant |
| genes identified by genetic studies local | cohort |
| genes identified by molecular biology studies local | cohort |
| genetic susceptibility SNPs local | variant |
| genetic variants | cohort |
| genetic variant (significant) local | variant |
| GWAS | cohort |
| Han Chinese methamphetamine abusers local | cohort |
| haplotype | variant |
| haplotype block local | cohort |
| HapMap | cohort |
| HapMap3 | cohort |
| human gene | gene |
| Human Genome Epidemiology Network local | cohort |
| illicit drug use | phenotype |
| Japanese | cohort |
| Japanese methamphetamine abusers local | cohort |
| KARG_1.0 local | cohort |
| KARG_2.0 local | cohort |
| Mendelian diseases | phenotype |
| methamphetamine | drug |
| methamphetamine dependence | phenotype |
| microRNA | drug |
| microRNA target site SNP local | variant |
| microsatellite | variant |
| Molecular Neurobiology Branch, NIH-IRP (NIDA) local | cohort |
| NCBI | cohort |
| negative emotional symptoms local | phenotype |
| negative selection local | phenotype |
| non-synonymous SNP | variant |
| OPRK1 | cohort |
| OPRM1 | cohort |
| polymorphic genetic marker local | variant |
| Poly-substance abuse local | phenotype |
| positive selection | phenotype |
| PubMed | cohort |
| putative functional SNP local | variant |
| rare variant | cohort |
| Recent variants local | variant |
| regulatory SNP local | variant |
| regulatory SNPs local | variant |
| risk_variant local | variant |
| rs1799971 | variant |
| rs4680 | variant |
| rs6265 | variant |
| SNP | cohort |
| splicing junction SNP local | variant |
| substance abuse | phenotype |
| susceptibility_gene local | gene |
| susceptibility variations local | variant |
| synonymous SNP local | variant |
| tag markers local | variant |
| tag SNPs | cohort |
| transcription factor | drug |
| transcription factor binding site SNP local | variant |
| transcripts | gene |
| vulnerable_haplotype local | variant |
| vulnerable_SNP local | variant |
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