Cannabis and mental illness: a review.
paper
Cited
Public
- Authors
- Lowe, Darby J E; Sasiadek, Julia D; Coles, Alexandria S; George, Tony P
- Year
- 2019
- Journal
- European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
- PMID
- 30564886
- DOI
- 10.1007/s00406-018-0970-7
- PMCID
- PMC6397076
With the increasing push to legalize cannabis in Western nations, there is a need to gage the potential impact of this policy change on vulnerable populations, such as those with mental illness, including schizophrenia, mood, and anxiety disorders. This is particularly important as there are strong motives in these individuals to seek short-term reward (e.g., "getting high"). Nonetheless, data to support the beneficial effects of cannabis use in psychiatric populations are limited, and potential harms in patients with psychotic and mood disorders have been increasingly documented. This article reviews the effects of cannabis in people with mental illness. Then, we provide a reconciliation of the addiction vulnerability and allostatic hypotheses to explain co-morbidity addiction in mentally ill cannabis users, as well as to further aid in developing a rational framework for the assessment and treatment of problematic cannabis use in these patients.
Addiction Vulnerability and Allostasis Models Conceptualized for Cannabis Users with Mental IllnessIndividuals without mental illness (MI) (A) who use cannabis transition to an allostatic state, leading to neurobiological changes that induce a continuous reduction in positive affect that is associated with further use in attempts to regain original homeostatic levels. Individuals with MI (B) already have a lowered set point for positive and negative hedonic homeostasis, promoting addiction vulnerability, as substances are used in attempts to normalize an already altered (reduced) set point. Addiction in psychiatric patients is associated with a similar transition to an allostatic state but with an even lower homeostatic baseline (see dashed line in Panel B), with cannabis use continuing in attempts to regain the original positive affect experienced prior to substance use.
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| 40 | Societal Implications of Cannabis Legalization | It is clear that there are many impediments to properly informing policy and public education of⦠|
| 41 | Societal Implications of Cannabis Legalization | potency and lower CBD concentrations [47]. With this said, cannabis is a drug of many constituents⦠|
| 42 | Conclusions and Future Directions | Individuals may be predisposed to developing an addictive disorder due to various biological and⦠|
| 43 | Figure 1. | Addiction Vulnerability and Allostasis Models Conceptualized for Cannabis Users with Mental⦠|
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In this knowledge base
External
| Title | Authors | Journal | Year | Link |
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| Effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy for harmful cannabis use: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | Ullah S et al. | β | 2026 | β |
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| Illicit cannabis use among workers in Australia: A nationally representative cross-sectional analysis of prevalence, determinants, and associated absenteeism. | Di Censo G et al. | β | 2026 | β |
| Predictors of Depressive Symptoms in Post-Concussion Syndrome: Role of Pre- and Post-Injury Substance and Medication Use. | Snyder EM et al. | β | 2026 | β |
| Regular Cannabis Use is Associated with a Diminished Anandamide Response to a Standard Exercise Stimulus: A Pilot Study. | Ewell TR et al. | β | 2026 | β |
| The prevalence of cannabis use pre-versus post-cannabis legalization in Canada by mental health status: findings from national repeat cross-sectional surveys. | Rundle S et al. | β | 2026 | β |
| U.S. Cannabis Use Trends at the Intersection of Serious Psychological Distress and Race/Ethnicity, 2008-2019. | Rubenstein D et al. | β | 2026 | β |
| Alcohol and Cannabis Use Disorder Diagnoses in Mental Health Treatment 2013 to 2022: A Descriptive Epidemiological Study. | Ware OD | β | 2025 | β |
| Associations between big five personality dimensions and lifetime use of cannabis. | Jain T et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Associations Between Cannabis Use and Mental Health in Patients Accessing Treatment for Substance Use Disorders: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study. | Matheson J et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Budtender Perceptions and Knowledge of Cannabis and Mental Health: A Preliminary Study. | Lowe DJE et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Cannabis and Cannabinoids in Mood and Anxiety Disorders: Impact on Illness Onset and Course, and Assessment of Therapeutic Potential. | Botsford SL et al. | β | 2025 | β |
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| Cannabis Use Characteristics and Reasons for Product Choices Among Patients Accessing Treatment for Substance Use Disorders: A Mixed-Methods Study. | Matheson J et al. | β | 2025 | β |
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| Medicinal use of non-prescribed cannabis: a cross-sectional survey on patterns of use, motives for use, and treatment access in the Netherlands. | Strada L et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Pain Is Not a Predictor of Cannabis Use in People With Psychotic Disorders. | Smid MH et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Prenatal Cannabis Use and Depressive Symptoms. | Pitt TL et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Smoked or Bewitched? The Relationship Between Cannabis Use and Mental Illness Among the Shona Persons in Zimbabwe. | Jakarasi M | β | 2025 | β |
| The Complex Relationship Between Cannabis Use and Mental Health: Considering the Influence of Cannabis Use Patterns and Individual Factors. | Sagar KA et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| The impact of recreational cannabis legalization on cannabis-related acute care events among adults with schizophrenia. | Kim C et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| The social-structural contexts of cannabis consumption and harm reduction among young Nigerian women. | Nelson EU et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Associations of cannabis use, use frequency, and cannabis use disorder with violent behavior among young adults in the United States. | Volkow ND et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| A systematic review of evidence on integrated management of psychiatric disorders in youth who use cannabis. | Vidal C et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Cannabidiol-Only Product Use in Pregnancy in the United States and Canada: Findings From the International Cannabis Policy Study. | Bhatia D et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Cannabinoid CB2 receptors and hypersensitivity to methamphetamine: Vulnerability to schizophrenia. | Canseco-Alba A et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Cannabis Dependence is Associated with Reduced Hippocampal Subregion Volumes Independently of Sex: Findings from an ENIGMA Addiction Working Group Multi-Country Study. | Lorenzetti V et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Cannabis use and mood disorders: a systematic review. | Sorkhou M et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Cannabis use following bariatric surgery is associated with anxiety and maladaptive eating. | Miller-Matero LR et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Cannabis use in adolescents and anxiety symptoms and disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | Lowe DJE et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Changes in Cannabis Use Patterns in Psychiatric Populations Pre- and Post-Legalization of Recreational Cannabis Use in Canada: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Survey. | Sorkhou M et al. | β | 2024 | β |
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| Effects of acute smoking abstinence among people with schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of laboratory studies. | Johnstone S et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Effects of Marijuana Use in Patients Undergoing Abdominal Free Flap Breast Reconstruction. | Al-Saghir T et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Examining the Relationship Between Cannabis Use and Mood, Anxiety, and Psychotic Symptoms in Psychiatric Patients with Severe Concurrent Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders Before and After Recreational Cannabis Legalization in Canada. | Thiessen KA et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Exploring the Significance of Pharmaceutical Care in Mental Health: A Spotlight on <i>Cannabis</i>. | da Costa-Oliveira C et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Perceptions, Experiences, and Patterns of Cannabis Use in Individuals with Mood and Anxiety Disorders in the Context of Cannabis Legalization and Medical Cannabis Program in Canada - A Qualitative Study. | Das A et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Prevalence, demographics and clinical characteristics of Internet addiction among Chinese adolescents with schizophrenia. | Zhong Y et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Screening problematic use of substances among young subjects attending an emergency department, and subsequent treatment seeking. | Touali R et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Sex-Dependent Synergism of an Edible THC: CBD Formulation in Reducing Anxiety and Depressive-like Symptoms Following Chronic Stress. | PΓ©rez-Valenzuela E et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| The impact of recreational cannabis legalization on cannabis-related acute care events among adults with schizophrenia | Kim C et al. | β | 2024 | β |
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| Endocannabinoid System and Exogenous Cannabinoids in Depression and Anxiety: A Review. | Hasbi A et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Exploring the Link Between Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Cannabis Use Disorders: A Review. | Gujska JH et al. | β | 2023 | β |
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