Adverse health effects of non-medical cannabis use.
paper
Cited
Public
Unavailable
- Authors
- Hall, Wayne; Degenhardt, Louisa
- Year
- 2009
- Journal
- Lancet (London, England)
- PMID
- 19837255
- DOI
- 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61037-0
For over two decades, cannabis, commonly known as marijuana, has been the most widely used illicit drug by young people in high-income countries, and has recently become popular on a global scale. Epidemiological research during the past 10 years suggests that regular use of cannabis during adolescence and into adulthood can have adverse effects. Epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory studies have established an association between cannabis use and adverse outcomes. We focus on adverse health effects of greatest potential public health interest-that is, those that are most likely to occur and to affect a large number of cannabis users. The most probable adverse effects include a dependence syndrome, increased risk of motor vehicle crashes, impaired respiratory function, cardiovascular disease, and adverse effects of regular use on adolescent psychosocial development and mental health.
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| Cannabis use, other drug use, and risk of subsequent acute care in primary care patients. | Matson TE et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Cardiac Ischemia Associated With Marijuana Use in an Adolescent. | Schreier MD et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Changes in patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) scores in adults with medical authorization for cannabis. | Round JM et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Drug Use Disorders and Violence: Associations With Individual Drug Categories. | Zhong S et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Effects of Cannabis Use in Youth and Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: The Highs, the Lows, the Don't Knows. | Pancer J et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Electrochemical Sensing of Cannabinoids in Biofluids: A Noninvasive Tool for Drug Detection. | Klimuntowski M et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Electronic nicotine delivery system use is related to higher odds of alcohol and marijuana use in adolescents: Meta-analytic evidence. | Hershberger A et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Extension of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to Predict Patterns of Marijuana Use among Young Iranian Adults. | Jalilian F et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Goal commitment evolution in a Spanish adolescent sample with cannabis use disorder. | Matalรญ JL et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Health care provider preferences for, and barriers to, cannabis use in cancer care. | McLennan A et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Heterogeneous peer effects on marijuana use: Evidence from a natural experiment. | Li Y et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| How many more young Australians say that they would use cannabis if it were legal? | Leung J et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Illicit drug use and the genetic overlap with Cannabis use. | Vink JM et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Impact of marijuana on venous thromboembolic events: Cannabinoids cause clots in trauma patients. | Stupinski J et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Long-Term Effects of Early Adolescent Marijuana Use on Attentional and Inhibitory Control. | Paige KJ et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Marijuana Legalization and Youth. | Ladegard K et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Mental Health and Cognition in Older Cannabis Users: a Review. | Vacaflor BE et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Neural Stem Cells and Cannabinoids in the Spotlight as Potential Therapy for Epilepsy. | Lourenรงo DM et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Parent-adolescent relationship characteristics and adolescent cannabis use: A growth curve analysis. | Thomas SA et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Perspectives Emerged from Students and Supervisory Staff Interaction in Drug Use Prevention: A Q Methodology Investigation. | Huang CM et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Recreational Cannabis Use and Risk of Prescription Opioid Overdose: Insights from Pediatric Inpatients. | Pankaj A et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Relations between cannabis use, socioeconomic status, and risk perceptions in a Hispanic/Latinx population. | Gette JA et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Role of cannabis in inflammatory bowel diseases. | Perisetti A et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Sex- and Gender-Based Analysis in Cannabis Treatment Outcomes: A Systematic Review. | Brabete AC et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Simultaneous detection of salivary ฮ<sup>9</sup>-tetrahydrocannabinol and alcohol using a Wearable Electrochemical Ring Sensor. | Mishra RK et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Socioeconomic characteristics of women with substance use disorder during pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in their newborns: A national registry study from the Czech Republic. | Mravฤรญk V et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| THC Exposure is Reflected in the Microstructure of the Cerebral Cortex and Amygdala of Young Adults. | Cabeen RP et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| The blind men and the elephant: Systematic review of systematic reviews of cannabis use related health harms. | Campeny E et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| The effects of cannabis use on oral health. | Liu C et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Trends in Cannabis Treatment Admissions in Adolescents/Young Adults: Analysis of TEDS-A 1992 to 2016. | Standeven LR et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| What is the prevalence and risk of cannabis use disorders among people who use cannabis? a systematic review and meta-analysis. | Leung J et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| What's the Harm in Getting High? Evaluating Associations Between Marijuana and Harm as Predictors of Concurrent and Prospective Marijuana Use and Misuse. | Ramirez JJ et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Young Adults With Higher Motives and Expectancies of Regular Cannabis Use Show Poorer Psychosocial Functioning. | Amiet D et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| A commentary on the medicinal use of marijuana. | Tawfik GM et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| A Cost-Effectiveness Model for Adjunctive Smoked Cannabis in the Treatment of Chronic Neuropathic Pain. | Tyree GA et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Activation of cannabinoid receptors promote periodontal cell adhesion and migration. | Liu C et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Age of first use, current marijuana use and driving after use among Canadian high school students. | Azagba S et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Altered striatal reward processing in abstinent dependent cannabis users: Social context matters. | Zimmermann K et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| A National Survey of Marijuana Use Among US Adults With Medical Conditions, 2016-2017. | Dai H et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| A Rapid Response Electrochemical Biosensor for Detecting Thc In Saliva. | Stevenson H et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| A Sequential Explanatory Mixed Methods Study of Young Adult Tobacco and Marijuana Co-Use. | Seaman EL et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Assessing the impacts of daily Cannabis versus alcohol and methamphetamines on young Australians in youth AOD treatment. | Reichelt AC et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Assessing the public health impact of cannabis legalization in Canada: core outcome indicators towards an 'index' for monitoring and evaluation. | Fischer B et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Associations of PTSD, chronic pain, and their comorbidity on cannabis use disorder: Results from an American nationally representative study. | Bilevicius E et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Attitudes of Irish patients with chronic pain towards medicinal cannabis. | Rochford C et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Cannabinoid Actions on Neural Stem Cells: Implications for Pathophysiology. | Rodrigues RS et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Cannabinoids from <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.: A New Tool Based on HPLC-DAD-MS/MS for a Rational Use in Medicinal Chemistry. | Protti M et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Cannabinoid signalling in embryonic and adult neurogenesis: possible implications for psychiatric and neurological disorders. | de Oliveira RW et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Cannabis Concentrate Use in Adolescents. | Meier MH et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Cannabis Dependence or Abuse in Kidney Transplantation: Implications for Posttransplant Outcomes. | Alhamad T et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Cannabis for the Treatment of Chronic Pain in the Era of an Opioid Epidemic: A Symposium-Based Review of Sociomedical Science. | Maher DP et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Cannabis industry and medical cannabis clinics need regulation. | Kahan M et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Cannabis Use in Pregnancy in British Columbia and Selected Birth Outcomes. | Luke S et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Computational systems pharmacology analysis of cannabidiol: a combination of chemogenomics-knowledgebase network analysis and integrated in silico modeling and simulation. | Bian YM et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Decriminalisation of recreational cannabis in South Africa. | Parry C et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Differential item functioning analysis of the CUDIT and relations with alcohol and tobacco use among men across five ethnic groups: The HELIUS study. | Miller AP et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Early Risk Factors for Daily Cannabis Use in Young Adults. | Dugas EN et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Effects of chronic cannabinoid exposure during adolescence on reward preference and mPFC activation in adulthood. | Jacobs-Brichford E et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Epigenome-wide analysis uncovers a blood-based DNA methylation biomarker of lifetime cannabis use | Markunas CA et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Examining prevalence and correlates of cigarette and marijuana co-use among young adults using ten years of NHANES data. | Seaman EL et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Externalizing Behaviors Exacerbate the Link between Discrimination and Adolescent Health Risk Behaviors. | Martin-Storey A et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Fundamental Characteristics, Attitudes and Behaviors Regarding Substance Use Focusing on Cannabis: Findings from the General Population Survey in Turkey, 2011. | Kotan Z et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Guidelines for public health and safety metrics to evaluate the potential harms and benefits of cannabis regulation in Canada. | Lake S et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Harmful Effects of Smoking Cannabis: A Cerebrovascular and Neurological Perspective. | Archie SR et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Impact of habitual marijuana and tobacco smoke on severity of chronic rhinosinusitis. | Awad OGA | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Impact of Medical Marijuana Laws on State-Level Marijuana Use by Age and Gender, 2004-2013. | Mauro CM et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Injury and depression among 212 039 individuals in 40 low- and middle-income countries. | Stickley A et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Insights into the role of cannabis in the management of inflammatory bowel disease. | Picardo S et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Introducing the evidence-based population health tool of the Lower-Risk Cannabis Use Guidelines to Brazil. | Fischer B et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Is Cannabis Harmless? Focus on Brain Function. | Ashton JC | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Legalized Cannabis in Colorado Emergency Departments: A Cautionary Review of Negative Health and Safety Effects. | Roberts BA | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Marijuana's Effects on Brain Structure and Function: What Do We Know and What Should We Do? A Brief Review and Commentary. | deShazo RD et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Marijuana use in transplantation: A call for clarity. | Levi ME et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Medical Burden of Disease Among Individuals in Recovery From Alcohol and Other Drug Problems in the United States: Findings From the National Recovery Survey. | Eddie D et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Modes of Marijuana Consumption Among Colorado High School Students Before and After the Initiation of Retail Marijuana Sales for Adults. | Tormohlen KN et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Modulatory effects of cannabinoids on brain neurotransmission. | Cohen K et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Nabiximols for the Treatment of Cannabis Dependence: A Randomized Clinical Trial. | Lintzeris N et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Neurocognition and Subjective Experience Following Acute Doses of the Synthetic Cannabinoid JWH-018: Responders Versus Nonresponders. | Theunissen EL et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Oral manifestations of illicit drug use. | Teoh L et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Orthopaedic surgery patients who use recreational marijuana have less pre-operative pain. | Medina SH et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Perceptions of effectiveness and believability of pictorial and text-only health warning labels for cannabis products among Canadian youth. | Leos-Toro C et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Perspectives on cannabis as a substitute for opioid analgesics. | Khan SP et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Pharmacists should counsel users of medical cannabis, but should they be dispensing it? | Grootendorst P et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Pharmacological safety of <i>Plinia cauliflora</i> (Mart.) Kausel in rabbits. | Palozi RAC et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Pharmacotherapies for cannabis dependence. | Nielsen S et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Physiology of the Endocannabinoid System During Development. | Bukiya AN | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Phytomedicines in the Treatment of Migraine. | Rajapakse T et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Potential harms from legalization of recreational cannabis use in Canada. | Windle SB et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Prediction of Orthosteric and Allosteric Regulations on Cannabinoid Receptors Using Supervised Machine Learning Classifiers. | Bian Y et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Psychometric evaluation of an abbreviated version of the intragroup marginalization inventory. | Llamas J et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Psychopathological symptoms associated with synthetic cannabinoid use: a comparison with natural cannabis. | Mensen VT et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Rรฉglementer lโindustrie du cannabis et les cliniques de cannabis mรฉdical : Une nรฉcessitรฉ. | Kahan M et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Several clock genes polymorphisms are meaningful risk factors in the development and severity of cannabis addiction. | Saffroy R et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Shared and specific associations of substance use disorders on adverse outcomes: A national prospective study. | Franco S et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Six policy lessons relevant to cannabis legalization. | Shover CL et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Social and public health implications of the legalisation of recreational cannabis: A literature review. | Mokwena K | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Testing the biosocial cognitive model of substance use in cannabis users referred to treatment. | Papinczak ZE et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| The Effect of Medical Marijuana Laws on Marijuana-Related Attitude and Perception Among US Adolescents and Young Adults. | Wen H et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| The impacts of potency, warning messages, and price on preferences for Cannabis flower products. | Shi Y et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| The initiation of cannabis use in adolescence is predicted by sex-specific psychosocial and neurobiological features. | Spechler PA et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| The Mix of Science, Community Beliefs and Health Practices Affecting Children: Part 2. | Betz CL | โ | 2019 | โ |
| The Relationship Between Tobacco and Cannabis Use: A Review. | Lemyre A et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Trends and correlates of cannabis use in pregnancy: a population-based study in Ontario, Canada from 2012 to 2017. | Corsi DJ et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Using Classification Trees to Examine Predictors of Marijuana Use Among a Wide Range of Variables. | Wallace GT et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Weaker Memory Performance Exacerbates Stress-Induced Cannabis Craving in Youths' Daily Lives. | Miranda R et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Young adult longitudinal patterns of marijuana use among US National samples of 12th grade frequent marijuana users: a repeated-measures latent class analysis. | Terry-McElrath YM et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| A Behavioral Economic Analysis of Marijuana and Other Drug Use Among Heavy Drinking Young Adults. | Meshesha LZ et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Acute Marijuana Intoxication in Children. | Dowd MD | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Adult Cellular Neuroadaptations Induced by Adolescent THC Exposure in Female Rats Are Rescued by Enhancing Anandamide Signaling. | Cuccurazzu B et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Age Differences in Daily and Nondaily Cannabis Use in the United States, 2002-2014. | Mauro PM et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Alcohol and drug use among deaf and hard-of-hearing individuals: A secondary analysis of NHANES 2013-2014. | Anderson ML et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Alcohol, marijuana, and opioid use disorders: 5-Year patterns and characteristics of emergency department encounters. | Bahorik AL et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| A new approach to formulating and appraising drug policy: A multi-criterion decision analysis applied to alcohol and cannabis regulation. | Rogeberg O et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| A Twitter-based survey on marijuana concentrate use. | Daniulaityte R et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Cannabis and cannabinoids for the treatment of people with chronic noncancer pain conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled and observational studies. | Stockings E et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Cannabis and Kratom online information in Thailand: Facebook trends 2015-2016. | Thaikla K et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Chronic cannabis promotes pro-hallucinogenic signaling of 5-HT2A receptors through Akt/mTOR pathway. | Ibarra-Lecue I et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Chronic, intermittent treatment with a cannabinoid receptor agonist impairs recognition memory and brain network functional connectivity. | Mouro FM et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Correlates of Allowing Alternative Tobacco Product or Marijuana Use in the Homes of Young Adults. | Berg CJ et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Elucidating the Impact of Adolescent Marijuana Use. | Johnson JK | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Epidemiology and Demographics of the Head and Neck Cancer Population. | Cohen N et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Examining the Association between Body Burdens of Harmful Chemicals and Heaviness of Marijuana Smoking. | Wei B et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Exposure to and Content of Marijuana Product Reviews. | Cavazos-Rehg PA et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Genome-wide association meta-analysis of age at first cannabis use. | Minicฤ CC et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| GWAS of lifetime cannabis use reveals new risk loci, genetic overlap with psychiatric traits, and a causal influence of schizophrenia. | Pasman JA et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Health-Related Lifestyle Factors and Sexual Dysfunction: A Meta-Analysis of Population-Based Research. | Allen MS et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Hippocampal Protein Kinase C Signaling Mediates the Short-Term Memory Impairment Induced by Delta9-Tetrahydrocannabinol. | Busquets-Garcia A et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Impacts of Marijuana Commercialization on Adolescents' Marijuana Beliefs, Use, and Co-use With Other Substances. | Lipperman-Kreda S et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Job exposure to the public in relation with alcohol, tobacco and cannabis use: Findings from the CONSTANCES cohort study. | Airagnes G et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Marijuana Misadventures in Children: Exploration of a Dose-Response Relationship and Summary of Clinical Effects and Outcomes. | Heizer JW et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Marijuana Use Among Adults 50 Years or Older in the 21st Century. | Lloyd SL et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Marijuana Use by Adolescents and Young Adults with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. | Hoffenberg EJ et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Marijuana Use in the Era of Changing Cannabis Laws: What Are the Risks? Who is Most at Risk? | Stoecker WV et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Medical cannabis: An oxymoron? Physicians' perceptions of medical cannabis. | Zolotov Y et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Medical Marijuana Availability, Price, and Product Variety, and Adolescents' Marijuana Use. | Shi Y et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Medical marijuana laws and adolescent marijuana use in the United States: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | Sarvet AL et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Medical marijuana laws and workplace fatalities in the United States. | Anderson DM et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Microbial hazards during harvesting and processing at an outdoor United States cannabis farm. | Green BJ et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Mobile contingency management as an adjunctive treatment for co-morbid cannabis use disorder and cigarette smoking. | Beckham JC et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Oral Ingestion of <i>Cannabis sativa</i>: Risks, Benefits, and Effects on Malaria-Infected Hosts. | Akinola O et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Patient Perceptions of the Use of Medical Marijuana in the Treatment of Pain After Musculoskeletal Trauma: A Survey of Patients at 2 Trauma Centers in Massachusetts. | Heng M et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Pediatric Emergency Medicine Simulation Curriculum: Marijuana Ingestion. | Burns C et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Psychosocial functioning among regular cannabis users with and without cannabis use disorder. | Foster KT et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) of cannabinoid replacement therapy (Nabiximols) for the management of treatment-resistant cannabis dependent patients: a study protocol. | Bhardwaj AK et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Routes of administration for cannabis use - basic prevalence and related health outcomes: A scoping review and synthesis. | Russell C et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Synthetic and Non-synthetic Cannabinoid Drugs and Their Adverse Effects-A Review From Public Health Prospective. | Cohen K et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| The acute effects of cannabis on human executive function. | Oomen PP et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| The Affordable Care Act and Changes in Insurance Coverage and Source of Health Care among High-risk Rural, Substance-using, Female Offenders Transitioning to the Community. | Dickson MF et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| The diverging trajectories of cannabis and tobacco policies in the United States: reasons and possible implications. | Hall W et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| The Effects of Cannabinoids on Executive Functions: Evidence from Cannabis and Synthetic Cannabinoids-A Systematic Review. | Cohen K et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| The epidemiology of lung cancer. | de Groot PM et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| The Modulating Role of Sex and Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid Hormones in Cannabinoid Sensitivity. | Struik D et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| The Psychiatric Consequences of Cannabinoids. | De Aquino JP et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| The Role of Impulsivity and Expectancies in Predicting Marijuana Use: An Application of the Acquired Preparedness Model. | Luba R et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Acute effects of synthetic cannabinoids: Update 2015. | Tournebize J et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Adolescent cannabis use, change in neurocognitive function, and high-school graduation: A longitudinal study from early adolescence to young adulthood. | Castellanos-Ryan N et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Alcohol and cannabis: Comparing their adverse health effects and regulatory regimes. | Hall W | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Alcohol, Cannabis, and Opioid Use Disorders, and Disease Burden in an Integrated Health Care System. | Bahorik AL et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Association of cannabis use with the development of elevated anxiety symptoms in the general population: a meta-analysis. | Twomey CD | โ | 2017 | โ |
| [Cannabis: A Cognitive Illusion]. | Galvรกn G et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Cannabis and Depression: A Twin Model Approach to Co-morbidity. | Smolkina M et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Cannabis and Young Users-A Brief Intervention to Reduce Their Consumption (CANABIC): A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial in Primary Care. | Laporte C et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Cannabis as Secondary Drug Is Not Associated With a Greater Risk of Death in Patients With Opiate, Cocaine, or Alcohol Dependence. | Fuster D et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Cannabis use and symptom severity in individuals at ultra high risk for psychosis: a meta-analysis. | Carney R et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Cannabis use and symptoms of anxiety in adolescence and the moderating effect of the serotonin transporter gene. | Otten R et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Cannabis use and the course and outcome of major depressive disorder: A population based longitudinal study. | Feingold D et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Characterizing marijuana concentrate users: A web-based survey. | Daniulaityte R et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Comparing adult cannabis treatment-seekers enrolled in a clinical trial with national samples of cannabis users in the United States. | McClure EA et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Comparing Medical and Recreational Cannabis Users on Socio-Demographic, Substance and Medication Use, and Health and Disability Characteristics. | Goulet-Stock S et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Complementary and Alternative Medicines Used by Patients Withย Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. | Cheifetz AS et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Counseling Parents and Teens About Marijuana Use in the Era of Legalization of Marijuana. | Ryan SA et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Differences in behavioral health disorders and unmet treatment needs between medical marijuana users and recreational marijuana users: Results from a national adult sample. | Park JY et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Does Cannabis Use Cause Declines in Neuropsychological Functioning? A Review of Longitudinal Studies. | Gonzalez R et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| ELSA 2016 Cohort: Alcohol, Tobacco, and Marijuana Use and Their Association with Age of Drug Use Onset, Risk Perception, and Social Norms in Argentinean College Freshmen. | Pilatti A et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Estimating the harms and costs of cannabis-attributable collisions in the Canadian provinces. | Wettlaufer A et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Evidence for Sex Convergence in Prevalence of Cannabis Use: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression. | Chapman C et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Gender differences among treatment-seeking adults with cannabis use disorder: Clinical profiles of women and men enrolled in the achieving cannabis cessation-evaluating N-acetylcysteine treatment (ACCENT) study. | Sherman BJ et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Health effects of exposure to second- and third-hand marijuana smoke: a systematic review. | Holitzki H et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| "Is Marijuana Even a Drug?" A Qualitative Study of How Teens View Marijuana Use and Why They Use It. | Friese B | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Longitudinal influence of alcohol and marijuana use on academic performance in college students. | Meda SA et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Longitudinal patterns of marijuana use across ages 18-50 in a US national sample: A descriptive examination of predictors and health correlates of repeated measures latent class membership. | Terry-McElrath YM et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Longitudinal study of hippocampal volumes in heavy cannabis users. | Koenders L et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Long-term consequences of adolescent cannabis use: Examining intermediary processes. | Green KM et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Lower-Risk Cannabis Use Guidelines: A Comprehensive Update of Evidence and Recommendations. | Fischer B et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Marijuana Use and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate in Young Adults. | Ishida JH et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Medical Marijuana Legalization and Marijuana Use Among Youth in Oregon. | Paschall MJ et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Multiple Cerebral Infarcts in a Young Patient Associated With Marijuana Use. | Volpon LC et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Observations of the role of science in the United States medical cannabis state policies: Lessons learnt. | Grbic J et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Past year cannabis use and problematic cannabis use among adults by ethnicity in Ontario. | Tuck A et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Patterns and factors of problematic marijuana use in the Canadian population: Evidence from three cross-sectional surveys. | Bonner WIA et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Patterns of marijuana use among psychiatry patients with depression and its impact on recovery. | Bahorik AL et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Prevalence, reasons, perceived effects, and correlates of medical marijuana use: A review. | Park JY et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Protocol for a systematic review of the factors associated with binge drinking among adolescents and young adults. | Hasselgรฅrd-Rowe J et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Role of cannabis in cardiovascular disorders. | Goyal H et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Role of cannabis in digestive disorders. | Goyal H et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
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| Substance Use, Health, and Functioning Characteristics of Medical Marijuana Program Participants Compared to the General Adult Population in Ontario (Canada). | Fischer B et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
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| The consequences of chronic cannabis smoking in vulnerable adolescents. | Iede MA et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
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| The Effect of Medical Marijuana Laws on Body Weight. | Sabia JJ et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| The Protective Behavioral Strategies for Marijuana Scale: Further examination using item response theory. | Pedersen ER et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| The role of marijuana use disorder in predicting emergency department and inpatient encounters: A retrospective cohort study. | Campbell CI et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| The widening gender gap in marijuana use prevalence in the U.S. during a period of economic change, 2002-2014. | Carliner H et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Toward a Patient Registry for Cannabis Use: An Exploratory Study of Patient Use in an Outpatient Health-Care Clinic in Oregon. | Hoffman KA et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Undesirable Effects of Working While in College: Work-School Conflict, Substance Use, and Health. | Oviatt DP et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Abnormal medial prefrontal cortex activity in heavy cannabis users during conscious emotional evaluation. | Wesley MJ et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| A Case Report of Cannabis Induced Hemoptysis. | Hashmi HR et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| A systematic review of adverse events arising from the use of synthetic cannabinoids and their associated treatment. | Tait RJ et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Attitudes and perceived risk of cannabis use in Irish adolescents. | Barrett P et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Autophagy activation by novel inducers prevents BECN2-mediated drug tolerance to cannabinoids. | Kuramoto K et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Availability of Medical and Recreational Marijuana Stores and Neighborhood Characteristics in Colorado. | Shi Y et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| A virtue analysis of recreational marijuana use. | Sullivan E et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Behavioral Characterization of the Effects of Cannabis Smoke and Anandamide in Rats. | Bruijnzeel AW et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Breaking the Taboo: Illicit Drug Use among Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. | Hogendorf AM et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Brief intervention for daily marijuana users identified by screening in primary care: A subgroup analysis of the ASPIRE randomized clinical trial. | Fuster D et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Cannabinoids in the Management of Musculoskeletal or Rheumatic Diseases. | Fitzcharles MA et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Cannabis and tolerance: acute drug impairment as a function of cannabis use history. | Ramaekers JG et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Cannabis exposure as an interactive cardiovascular risk factor and accelerant of organismal ageing: a longitudinal study. | Reece AS et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Cannabis: Is There Any Good or Only Bad and Ugly? | โ | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Cannabis, Psychosis, and Mortality: A Cohort Study of 50,373 Swedish Men. | Manrique-Garcia E et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Cannabis use and transition to psychosis in individuals at ultra-high risk: review and meta-analysis. | Kraan T et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Characteristics of Cannabis-Only and Other Drug Users Who Visit the Emergency Department. | Woodruff SI et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Characteristics of Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury Who Use Cannabis for Therapeutic Purposes. | Drossel C et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Clustering of Black Adolescent Marijuana Use in Low-Income, Urban Neighborhoods. | Reboussin BA et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Complementary and Alternative Medicine. | Quezada SM et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Coronary thrombosis and marijuana smoking: a case report and narrative review of the literature. | Marchetti D et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Crude estimates of cannabis-attributable mortality and morbidity in Canada-implications for public health focused intervention priorities. | Fischer B et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Definitions of Risky and Problematic Cannabis Use: A Systematic Review. | Casajuana C et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Does Cannabis Cause, Exacerbate or Ameliorate Psychiatric Disorders? An Oversimplified Debate Discussed. | Haney M et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Effects of drugs of abuse on hippocampal plasticity and hippocampus-dependent learning and memory: contributions to development and maintenance of addiction. | Kutlu MG et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Evaluating the public health impacts of legalizing recreational cannabis use in the United States. | Hall W et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Examining within-person and between-person effects of victimization and social risk on cannabis use among emerging adults in substance-use treatment. | Davis JP et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Gender Differences in Internalizing Symptoms and Suicide Risk Among Men and Women Seeking Treatment for Cannabis Use Disorder from Late Adolescence to Middle Adulthood. | Foster KT et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| High prevalence of cannabis use among Aka foragers of the Congo Basin and its possible relationship to helminthiasis. | Roulette CJ et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Is the medical use of cannabis a therapeutic option for children? | Rieder MJ et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| "I Use Weed for My ADHD": A Qualitative Analysis of Online Forum Discussions on Cannabis Use and ADHD. | Mitchell JT et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Let's Be Blunt: Consumption Methods Matter Among Black Marijuana Smokers. | Montgomery L et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Marijuana Legalization: Impact on Physicians and Public Health. | Wilkinson ST et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Measuring Protective Behavioral Strategies for Marijuana Use Among Young Adults. | Pedersen ER et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Medical Comorbidity and Complications. | Hadland SE et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Meta-analysis of the Association Between the Level of Cannabis Use and Risk of Psychosis. | Marconi A et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Metabolic Syndrome Among Marijuana Users in the United States: An Analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data. | Vidot DC et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Myocarditis associated with cannabis use in a 15-year-old boy: A rare case report. | Tournebize J et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Neural mechanisms of sensitivity to peer information in young adult cannabis users. | Gilman JM et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Not Just Cigarettes: A More Comprehensive Look at Marijuana and Tobacco Use Among African American and White Youth and Young Adults. | Kennedy SM et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Parent-based interventions for preventing or reducing adolescent substance use - A systematic literature review. | Kuntsche S et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Perceptions of social norms and exposure to pro-marijuana messages are associated with adolescent marijuana use. | Roditis ML et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Persistent cannabis dependence and alcohol dependence represent risks for midlife economic and social problems: A longitudinal cohort study. | Cerdรก M et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Prevalence and correlates of "Vaping" as a route of cannabis administration in medical cannabis patients. | Cranford JA et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Qualitative research in Spanish cannabis social clubs: "The moment you enter the door, you are minimising the risks". | Belackova V et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Recent Marijuana Use and Associations With Exhaled Nitric Oxide and Pulmonary Function in Adults in the United States. | Papatheodorou SI et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Relationship between marijuana and other illicit drug use and depression/suicidal thoughts among late middle-aged and older adults. | Choi NG et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Severe motor and vocal tics controlled with Sativexยฎ. | Trainor D et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Sex and age specific effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol during the periadolescent period in the rat: The unique susceptibility of the prepubescent animal. | Silva L et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Sexually-dimorphic alterations in cannabinoid receptor density depend upon prenatal/early postnatal history. | Dow-Edwards D et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| The availability of medical marijuana dispensary and adolescent marijuana use. | Shi Y | โ | 2016 | โ |
| The burden of disease attributable to cannabis use in Canada in 2012. | Imtiaz S et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| The Formation of Marijuana Risk Perception in a Population of Substance Abusing Patients. | Wilkinson ST et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| The increasing global health priority of substance use in young people. | Degenhardt L et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Toking, Vaping, and Eating for Health or Fun: Marijuana Use Patterns in Adults, U.S., 2014. | Schauer GL et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| UPPS-P model impulsivity and marijuana use behaviors in adolescents: A meta-analysis. | VanderVeen JD et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Urinary concentrations of PAH and VOC metabolites in marijuana users. | Wei B et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Why young people's substance use matters for global health. | Hall WD et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| ฮ(9)-Tetrahydrocannabinol concentrations in exhaled breath and physiological effects following cannabis intake - A pilot study using illicit cannabis. | Coucke L et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| [18F]MK-9470 PET measurement of cannabinoid CB1 receptor availability in chronic cannabis users. | Ceccarini J et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Adolescent exposure to THC in female rats disrupts developmental changes in the prefrontal cortex. | Rubino T et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Age, sex and personality in early cannabis use. | Muro I Rodrรญguez A | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Allowing cigarette or marijuana smoking in the home and car: prevalence and correlates in a young adult sample. | Padilla M et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Analysis of Cannabinoids and Their Metabolites in Human Urine. | Wei B et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| A reexamination of medical marijuana policies in relation to suicide risk. | Grucza RA et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| A review of pharmacogenetic studies of substance-related disorders. | Jones JD et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Assessing the effects of medical marijuana laws on marijuana use: the devil is in the details. | Pacula RL et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Assessment of cannabis use disorders: a systematic review of screening and diagnostic instruments. | Lรณpez-Pelayo H et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Associations between psychotic symptoms and substance use in young offenders. | Degenhardt L et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Behavioral therapies for treatment-seeking cannabis users: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. | Davis ML et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Cannabidiol induces expression of human cytochrome P450 1A1 that is possibly mediated through aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling in HepG2 cells. | Yamaori S et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Cannabinoid agonists rearrange synaptic vesicles at excitatory synapses and depress motoneuron activity in vivo. | Garcรญa-Morales V et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Cannabis and adolescent brain development. | Lubman DI et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Cannabis for the Management of Pain: Assessment of Safety Study (COMPASS). | Ware MA et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Cannabis in the treatment of rheumatic diseases: suggestions for a reasoned approach. | Kalant H | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Cannabis Liberalization and Adolescent Cannabis Use: A Cross-National Study in 38 Countries. | Shi Y et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Cannabis potency in the Venice area (Italy): update 2013. | Zamengo L et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Cannabis sativa: the unconventional "weed" allergen. | Ocampo TL et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Cannabis use and mental health-related quality of life among individuals with depressive disorders. | Aspis I et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Cannabis use in relation to obesity and insulin resistance in the Inuit population. | Ngueta G et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| [Cannabis use: what to do in general practice?]. | Benard V et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Changes in health outcomes as a function of abstinence and reduction in illicit psychoactive drug use: a prospective study in primary care. | Park TW et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Comorbidity and temporal relations of alcohol and cannabis use disorders from youth through adulthood. | Duncan SC et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Comprehensive Review of Medicinal Marijuana, Cannabinoids, and Therapeutic Implications in Medicine and Headache: What a Long Strange Trip It's Been โฆ. | Baron EP | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Continued cannabis use at one year follow up is associated with elevated mood and lower global functioning in bipolar I disorder. | Kvitland LR et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Cost-Effectiveness of School-Based Prevention of Cannabis Use. | Deogan C et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Distribution of โ(9)-Tetrahydrocannabinol and 11-Nor-9-Carboxy-โ(9)-Tetrahydrocannabinol Acid in Postmortem Biological Fluids and Tissues From Pilots Fatally Injured in Aviation Accidents. | Kemp PM et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Effects of Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase (FAAH) Inhibitors in Non-Human Primate Models of Nicotine Reward and Relapse. | Justinova Z et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Feasibility of a group cessation program for co-smokers of cannabis and tobacco. | Becker J et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Frequent marijuana use, binge drinking and mental health problems among undergraduates. | Keith DR et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Getting to grips with the cannabis problem: the evolving contributions and impact of Griffith Edwards. | Hall W | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Induction of proteinuria by cannabinoid receptors 1 signaling activation in CB1 transgenic mice. | Hsu YC et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Marijuana, phytocannabinoids, the endocannabinoid system, and male fertility. | du Plessis SS et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Maternal age and trajectories of cannabis use. | De Genna NM et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Medical marijuana does not increase adolescent marijuana use. | Hill K | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Medical marijuana for digestive disorders: high time to prescribe? | Gerich ME et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Medical marijuana programs - Why might they matter for public health and why should we better understand their impacts? | Fischer B et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Medical marijuana: review of the science and implications for developmental-behavioral pediatric practice. | Hadland SE et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Medical use of cannabis: an addiction medicine perspective. | Cook J et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Medicinal cannabis. | Murnion B | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Monoacylglycerol lipase (MGLL) polymorphism rs604300 interacts with childhood adversity to predict cannabis dependence symptoms and amygdala habituation: Evidence from an endocannabinoid system-level analysis. | Carey CE et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Neighbourhood crime and adolescent cannabis use in Canadian adolescents. | de Looze M et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Neuropsychological Consequences of Chronic Drug Use: Relevance to Treatment Approaches. | Cadet JL et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| New drugs of abuse. | Rech MA et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Past 15-year trends in adolescent marijuana use: Differences by race/ethnicity and sex. | Johnson RM et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Patterns of cannabis use in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A population based analysis. | Weiss A et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Possible causes and consequences of reduced perceptions of the risks of using cannabis. | Hall W et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Predicting Young Adult Degree Attainment by Late Adolescent Marijuana Use. | Maggs JL et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Psychological and psychosocial interventions for cannabis cessation in adults: a systematic review short report. | Cooper K et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Risk and Protective Factors for Lifetime Marijuana Use among Colombian Emergent Adults Attending College. | Zapata Roblyer MI et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Risks associated with the non-medicinal use of cannabis. | Hoch E et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Rules regarding marijuana and its use in personal residences: findings from marijuana users and nonusers recruited through social media. | Berg CJ et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Safety and Toxicology of Cannabinoids. | Sachs J et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Sex-specific alterations in hippocampal cannabinoid 1 receptor expression following adolescent delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol treatment in the rat. | Silva L et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Solitary cannabis use in adolescence as a correlate and predictor of cannabis problems. | Creswell KG et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Stigma among California's Medical Marijuana Patients. | Satterlund TD et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Subclinical depressive symptoms and continued cannabis use: predictors of negative outcomes in first episode psychosis. | Gonzรกlez-Ortega I et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Substance Use Disorder in Early Midlife: A National Prospective Study on Health and Well-Being Correlates and Long-Term Predictors. | Schulenberg JE et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Temporal trends of alcohol and drug use among Inuit of Northern Quebec, Canada. | Fortin M et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| The association between cannabis use and mood disorders: A longitudinal study. | Feingold D et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| The effects of marijuana exposure on expiratory airflow. A study of adults who participated in the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Study. | Kempker JA et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| The effects of prenatal cannabis exposure on fetal development and pregnancy outcomes: a protocol. | Gunn JK et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| The influence of cannabinoids on learning and memory processes of the dorsal striatum. | Goodman J et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| The Medicinal Cannabis Treatment Agreement: Providing Information to Chronic Pain Patients Through a Written Document. | Wilsey B et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| The rapidly increasing trend of cannabis use in burn injury. | Jehle CC et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| The role of neighborhood in urban black adolescent marijuana use. | Reboussin BA et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| "Time for dabs": Analyzing Twitter data on marijuana concentrates across the U.S. | Daniulaityte R et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Trends in the co-occurrence of tobacco and cannabis use in 15-year-olds from 2002 to 2010 in 28 countries of Europe and North America. | Hublet A et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| U.S. Policy Responses to Calls for the Medical Use of Cannabis. | Hall W | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Which substance is most dangerous? Perceived harm ratings among students in urban and rural Norway. | Pedersen W et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Achieving cannabis cessation -- evaluating N-acetylcysteine treatment (ACCENT): design and implementation of a multi-site, randomized controlled study in the National Institute on Drug Abuse Clinical Trials Network. | McClure EA et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Acute subjective effects after smoking joints containing up to 69 mg ฮ9-tetrahydrocannabinol in recreational users: a randomized, crossover clinical trial. | Hunault CC et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Adverse cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and peripheral vascular effects of marijuana inhalation: what cardiologists need to know. | Thomas G et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Adverse health effects of marijuana use. | Volkow ND et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Adverse psychosocial outcomes associated with drug use among US high school seniors: a comparison of alcohol and marijuana. | Palamar JJ et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Alcohol and marijuana use patterns associated with unsafe driving among U.S. high school seniors: high use frequency, concurrent use, and simultaneous use. | Terry-McElrath YM et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Alcohol use potentiates marijuana problem severity in young adult women. | Stein MD et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Approach to cannabis use disorder in primary care: focus on youth and other high-risk users. | Turner SD et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| A randomized controlled trial of a brief motivational enhancement for non-treatment-seeking adolescent cannabis users. | de Gee EA et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| A service-level action research intervention to improve identification and treatment of cannabis and related mental health issues in young Indigenous Australians: a study protocol. | Bohanna I et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Assessing marijuana use in bariatric surgery candidates: should it be a contraindication? | Rummell CM et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Associations between drug use and motorcycle helmet use in fatal crashes. | Rossheim ME et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Attitudes of family physicians towards adolescent cannabis users: a qualitative study in France. | Vorilhon P et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| A universal harm-minimisation approach to preventing psychostimulant and cannabis use in adolescents: a cluster randomised controlled trial. | Vogl LE et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| CANABIC: CANnabis and Adolescents: effect of a Brief Intervention on their Consumption--study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. | Laporte C et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Cannabis and traffic collision risk: findings from a case-crossover study of injured drivers presenting to emergency departments. | Asbridge M et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Cannabis consumption systemic adverse effects. | Coppola M et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| [Cannabis smoking and lung cancer]. | Underner M et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Characterizing the followers and tweets of a marijuana-focused Twitter handle. | Cavazos-Rehg P et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Cycling-related crash risk and the role of cannabis and alcohol: a case-crossover study. | Asbridge M et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Developing public health regulations for marijuana: lessons from alcohol and tobacco. | Pacula RL et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Effectiveness of different Web-based interventions to prepare co-smokers of cigarettes and cannabis for double cessation: a three-arm randomized controlled trial. | Becker J et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Emerging issues for our nation's health: the intersection of marijuana use and cardiometabolic disease risk. | Vidot DC et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Establishing legal limits for driving under the influence of marijuana. | Wong K et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Increased CB2 mRNA and anandamide in human blood after cessation of cannabis abuse. | Muhl D et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Marijuana and lung diseases. | Joshi M et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Marijuana liberalization policies: why we canโt learn much from policy still in motion. | Pacula RL et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Medical marijuana: A panacea or scourge. | Kashyap S et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Medical marijuana: more questions than answers. | Hill KP | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Neuropathology of substance use disorders. | Cadet JL et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| No detectable association between frequency of marijuana use and health or healthcare utilization among primary care patients who screen positive for drug use. | Fuster D et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Patterns and correlates of cannabis use among individuals with HIV/AIDS in Maritime Canada. | Harris GE et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Pharmacotherapies for cannabis dependence. | Marshall K et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Prescribing smoked cannabis for chronic noncancer pain: preliminary recommendations. | Kahan M et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Pretreatment measures of brain structure and reward-processing brain function in cannabis dependence: an exploratory study of relationships with abstinence during behavioral treatment. | Yip SW et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Problems with the identification of 'problematic' cannabis use: examining the issues of frequency, quantity, and drug use environment. | Asbridge M et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Prognosis of schizophrenia in persons with and without a history of cannabis use. | Manrique-Garcia E et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Protein kinase B (AKT1) genotype mediates sensitivity to cannabis-induced impairments in psychomotor control. | Bhattacharyya S et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Psychiatric, psychosocial, and physical health correlates of co-occurring cannabis use disorders and nicotine dependence. | Peters EN et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Reference ranges for urinary levels of testosterone and epitestosterone, which may reveal gonadal function, in a Korean male population. | Moon JY et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Rimonabant effects on anxiety induced by simulated public speaking in healthy humans: a preliminary report. | Bergamaschi MM et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Robin Room and cannabis policy: dangerous comparisons. | Hall W | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Role of the endocannabinoid system in brain functions relevant for schizophrenia: an overview of human challenge studies with cannabis or โ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). | Bossong MG et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| The adverse health effects of chronic cannabis use. | Hall W et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| The association between cannabis use and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. | Lev-Ran S et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| The effects of medical marijuana laws on potency. | Sevigny EL et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| The hypocretin/orexin receptor-1 as a novel target to modulate cannabinoid reward. | Flores ร et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| The Moderating Role of Experiential Avoidance in the Relationship between Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Severity and Cannabis Dependence. | Bordieri MJ et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Therapeutic satisfaction and subjective effects of different strains of pharmaceutical-grade cannabis. | Brunt TM et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| The relationship between cannabis outcome expectancies and cannabis refusal self-efficacy in a treatment population. | Connor JP et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Urological complications of illicit drug use. | Skeldon SC et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Variability of cannabis potency in the Venice area (Italy): a survey over the period 2010-2012. | Zamengo L et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Alcohol and substance abuse in solid-organ transplant recipients. | Parker R et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| A retrospective chart review of treatment seeking middle aged individuals at a tertiary care substance use disorder treatment centre in North Part of India over five successive years: findings from drug abuse monitoring system. | Balhara YP et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Assessing tobacco dependence among cannabis users smoking cigarettes. | Flatz A et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| A systematic review of school-based alcohol and other drug prevention programs facilitated by computers or the internet. | Champion KE et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Cannabinoid-hypocretin cross-talk in the central nervous system: what we know so far. | Flores A et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Cannabis and the lung: no more smoking gun? | Ware MA | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Cannabis-related stroke: myth or reality? | Wolff V et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Cannabis use and cannabis use disorders among individuals with mental illness. | Lev-Ran S et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Cannabis use in a Swiss male prison: qualitative study exploring detainees' and staffs' perspectives. | Ritter C et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| CB1 and CB2 receptor expression and promoter methylation in patients with cannabis dependence. | Rotter A et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Does change in cannabis use in established psychosis affect clinical outcome? | Barrowclough C et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Do family dinners reduce the risk for early adolescent substance use? A propensity score analysis. | Hoffmann JP et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Has the intake of THC by cannabis users changed over the last decade? Evidence of increased exposure by analysis of blood THC concentrations in impaired drivers. | Vindenes V et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Health outcomes associated with long-term regular cannabis and tobacco smoking. | Rooke SE et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Individual differences and social influences on the neurobehavioral pharmacology of abused drugs. | Bardo MT et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Involvement of the CA1 GABAA receptors in ACPA-induced impairment of spatial and non-spatial novelty detection in mice. | Yousefi B et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Is the relationship between early-onset cannabis use and educational attainment causal or due to common liability? | Verweij KJ et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Laboratory profiles of treatment-seeking subjects with concurrent dependence on cannabis and other substances: a comparative study. | Quraishi R et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Legalization of medical marijuana and marijuana use among youths. | Friese B et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Letter by Parakh regarding article, "cannabis-related stroke: myth or reality?". | Parakh P | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Marijuana as a predictor of concurrent substance use among motor vehicle operators. | Scherer M et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Marijuana for pain relief: don't jump to conclusions. | Stacey BR et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Marijuana use and risk of lung cancer: a 40-year cohort study. | Callaghan RC et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Marijuana use patterns among patients with inflammatory bowel disease. | Ravikoff Allegretti J et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Medical consequences of marijuana use: a review of current literature. | Gordon AJ et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Medical Marijuana Use and Parenting: A Qualitative Study. | Thurstone C et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Palmitoylethanolamide: from endogenous cannabimimetic substance to innovative medicine for the treatment of cannabis dependence. | Coppola M et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Pathways linking childhood maltreatment and adult physical health. | Min MO et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Polysubstance use in cannabis users referred for treatment: drug use profiles, psychiatric comorbidity and cannabis-related beliefs. | Connor JP et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Simultaneous and sensitive LC-MS/MS determination of tetrahydrocannabinol and metabolites in human plasma. | Ferreirรณs N et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Smoking and vascular risk: are all forms of smoking harmful to all types of vascular disease? | Katsiki N et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Spontaneous multivessel coronary artery dissection associated with cannabis use. | Filali T et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Structural and functional imaging studies in chronic cannabis users: a systematic review of adolescent and adult findings. | Batalla A et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Synaptic targets of ฮ9-tetrahydrocannabinol in the central nervous system. | Hoffman AF et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| The Association between Cannabis Use, Mental Illness, and Suicidal Behavior: What is the Role of Hopelessness? | Serafini G et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| The choice of screening instrument matters: the case of problematic cannabis use screening in spanish population of adolescents. | Thanki D et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| The global epidemiology and contribution of cannabis use and dependence to the global burden of disease: results from the GBD 2010 study. | Degenhardt L et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| The medicalisation of revolt: a sociological analysis of medical cannabis users. | Pedersen W et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| The pharmacologic and clinical effects of medical cannabis. | Borgelt LM et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| To what extent does adding tobacco to cannabis expose young users to nicotine? | Bรฉlanger RE et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Validation of self-reported cannabis dose and potency: an ecological study. | van der Pol P et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Weeding out the information: an ethnographic approach to exploring how young people make sense of the evidence on cannabis. | Moffat BM et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Altering endocannabinoid neurotransmission at critical developmental ages: impact on rodent emotionality and cognitive performance. | Trezza V et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| A postal intervention for dependent cannabis users. | Norberg MM et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Applied human psychopharmacology: the practical psychobiological consequences of some novel and ancient psychoactive drugs. | Parrott AC et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Association between cannabis use and non-traffic injuries. | Barrio G et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Association between marijuana exposure and pulmonary function over 20 years. | Pletcher MJ et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Blurred boundaries: the therapeutics and politics of medical marijuana. | Bostwick JM | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Cannabis--a valuable drug that deserves better treatment. | Mechoulam R | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Cannabis-dependence risk relates to synergism between neuroticism and proenkephalin SNPs associated with amygdala gene expression: case-control study. | Jutras-Aswad D et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Cannabis, schizophrenia and other non-affective psychoses: 35 years of follow-up of a population-based cohort. | Manrique-Garcia E et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Cannabis smoking and myocardial infarction. | Tormey W et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| [Cannabis: Use and dependence]. | Dervaux A et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Cannabis use and depression: a longitudinal study of a national cohort of Swedish conscripts. | Manrique-Garcia E et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Cocaine use during pregnancy and health outcome after 10 years. | Minnes S et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Comorbid trajectories of tobacco and marijuana use as related to psychological outcomes. | Brook JS et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Comparison in the in vitro inhibitory effects of major phytocannabinoids and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contained in marijuana smoke on cytochrome P450 2C9 activity. | Yamaori S et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Development and validation of the cannabis refusal self-efficacy questionnaire (CRSEQ) in adult cannabis users in treatment. | Young RM et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Dimensions and severity of marijuana consequences: development and validation of the Marijuana Consequences Questionnaire (MACQ). | Simons JS et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Extent of illicit drug use and dependence, and their contribution to the global burden of disease. | Degenhardt L et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Gender differences in health-related quality of life among cannabis users: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. | Lev-Ran S et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| How well do international drug conventions protect public health? | Room R et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Infant with altered consciousness after cannabis passive inhalation. | Zarfin Y et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Long-term effects of adolescent-onset and persistent use of cannabis. | Gonzalez R et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Marijuana use and motor vehicle crashes. | Li MC et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Medical marijuana: clearing away the smoke. | Grant I et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Medical marijuana laws in 50 states: investigating the relationship between state legalization of medical marijuana and marijuana use, abuse and dependence. | Cerdรก M et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Medical marijuana use for chronic pain: risks and benefits. | Greenwell GT | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Moderating effects of race in clinical trial participation and outcomes among marijuana-dependent young adults. | Montgomery L et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Multiple mechanisms involved in the large-spectrum therapeutic potential of cannabidiol in psychiatric disorders. | Campos AC et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Neuropsychological deficits associated with cannabis use in young adults. | Grant JE et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Orexin A expression and promoter methylation in patients with cannabis dependence in comparison to nicotine-dependent cigarette smokers and nonsmokers. | Rotter A et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Prevalence, correlates and comorbidity of DSM-IV Cannabis Use and Cannabis Use Disorders in Australia. | Teesson M et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Race differences in longitudinal associations between adolescent personal and peer marijuana use and adulthood sexually transmitted infection risk. | Berger AT et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Reversible and regionally selective downregulation of brain cannabinoid CB1 receptors in chronic daily cannabis smokers. | Hirvonen J et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Synthetic cannabinoid and marijuana exposures reported to poison centers. | Forrester MB et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| The effect of alcohol availability on marijuana use: evidence from the minimum legal drinking age. | Crost B et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| The endocannabinoid system and emotional processing: pathophysiology and therapeutic potential. | Finn DP et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| The intersection between cannabis and cancer in the United States. | Bowles DW et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| The long and winding road to cannabis legalization. | Van Ours JC | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Tobacco and marijuana use among adolescents and young adults: a systematic review of their co-use. | Ramo DE et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Youth substance use and body composition: does risk in one area predict risk in the other? | Pasch KE et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Adding tobacco to cannabis--its frequency and likely implications. | Bรฉlanger RE et al. | โ | 2011 | โ |
| Allergic hypersensitivity to cannabis in patients with allergy and illicit drug users. | Armentia A et al. | โ | 2011 | โ |
| Antecedents and consequences of marijuana use trajectories over the life course in an African American population. | Juon HS et al. | โ | 2011 | โ |
| Caller satisfaction with the Cannabis Information and Helpline. | Gates P et al. | โ | 2011 | โ |
| Cannabidiol, a major phytocannabinoid, as a potent atypical inhibitor for CYP2D6. | Yamaori S et al. | โ | 2011 | โ |
| Cannabis and social welfare assistance: a longitudinal study. | Pedersen W | โ | 2011 | โ |
| Cannabis in sport: anti-doping perspective. | Huestis MA et al. | โ | 2011 | โ |
| Cannabis-related hospitalizations: unexpected serious events identified through hospital databases. | Jouanjus E et al. | โ | 2011 | โ |
| Does marijuana use lead to aggression and violent behavior? | Ostrowsky MK | โ | 2011 | โ |
| Effects of smoking cannabis on lung function. | Lee MH et al. | โ | 2011 | โ |
| Endocannabinoid system and psychiatry: in search of a neurobiological basis for detrimental and potential therapeutic effects. | Marco EM et al. | โ | 2011 | โ |
| Heterogeneity in the composition of marijuana seized in California. | Burgdorf JR et al. | โ | 2011 | โ |
| Impact of cannabis sativa (marijuana) smoke on alveolar bone loss: a histometric study in rats. | Nogueira-Filho GR et al. | โ | 2011 | โ |
| Impact of environmental factors on marijuana use in 11 European countries. | Pejnoviฤ Franeliฤ I et al. | โ | 2011 | โ |
| Lower Risk Cannabis use Guidelines for Canada (LRCUG): a narrative review of evidence and recommendations. | Fischer B et al. | โ | 2011 | โ |
| Marijuana-based drugs: innovative therapeutics or designer drugs of abuse? | Seely KA et al. | โ | 2011 | โ |
| Moving beyond the grass ceiling. | Patton GC | โ | 2011 | โ |
| Neurochemical basis of cannabis addiction. | Maldonado R et al. | โ | 2011 | โ |
| Pulmonary effects of marijuana inhalation. | Howden ML et al. | โ | 2011 | โ |
| Risk of marijuana use in male and female college student athletes and nonathletes. | Buckman JF et al. | โ | 2011 | โ |
| Surface-activated chemical ionization combined with electrospray ionization and mass spectrometry for the analysis of cannabinoids in biological samples. Part I: analysis of 11-nor-9-carboxytetrahydro-cannabinol. | Conti M et al. | โ | 2011 | โ |
| What data are available on the extent of illicit drug use and dependence globally? Results of four systematic reviews. | Degenhardt L et al. | โ | 2011 | โ |
| Adolescent cannabis use and psychosis: epidemiology and neurodevelopmental models. | Malone DT et al. | โ | 2010 | โ |
| Adverse health effects of non-medical cannabis use. | Parakh P | โ | 2010 | โ |
| Adverse health effects of non-medical cannabis use. | Tormey W | โ | 2010 | โ |
| Brief Motivational Intervention and telemedicine: a new perspective of treatment to marijuana users. | Fernandes S et al. | โ | 2010 | โ |
| Cognitive function as an emerging treatment target for marijuana addiction. | Sofuoglu M et al. | โ | 2010 | โ |
| Does heavy adolescent marijuana use lead to criminal involvement in adulthood? Evidence from a multiwave longitudinal study of urban African Americans. | Green KM et al. | โ | 2010 | โ |
| Early cannabis use and estimated risk of later onset of depression spells: Epidemiologic evidence from the population-based World Health Organization World Mental Health Survey Initiative. | de Graaf R et al. | โ | 2010 | โ |
| Enhancement drugs: are there limits to what we should enhance and why? | Hesse M | โ | 2010 | โ |
| GABA(A) receptor density is altered by cannabinoid treatment in the hippocampus of adult but not adolescent rats. | Verdurand M et al. | โ | 2010 | โ |
| Medical cannabis and chronic opioid therapy. | Reisfield GM | โ | 2010 | โ |
| What are the policy implications of the evidence on cannabis use and psychosis? | Hall W et al. | โ | 2010 | โ |