Alcohol-Related, Drug-Related, and Non-Substance-Related Aggression: 3 Facets of a Single Construct or 3 Distinct Constructs?
- Authors
- Chester, David S; Bucholz, Kathleen K; Chan, Grace; Kamarajan, Chella; Pandey, Ashwini K; Wetherill, Leah; Kramer, John R; Nurnberger, John I; Salvatore, Jessica E; Dick, Danielle M
- Year
- 2020
- Journal
- Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research
- PMID
- 32761940
- DOI
- 10.1111/acer.14412
- PMCID
- PMC7722121
BACKGROUND: Aggression often occurs alongside alcohol and drug misuse. However, it is not clear whether the latent and manifest relations among alcohol-related, drug-related, and non-substance-related aggression are separate manifestations of a single construct or instead are 3 distinct constructs. METHODS: To examine these associations, we conducted a preregistered analysis of 13,490 participants in the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism. In a structured interview, participants reported their lifetime perpetration of these 3 aggression phenotypes. RESULTS: The data were better fit by a model that treated these aggression phenotypes as 3 distinct latent factors, as compared to models in which the items all loaded onto 1 ("general") or 2 ("substance-related" and "non-substance-related") aggression factors. This 3-factor model fit better for men than women. Subsequent exploratory analyses then showed that among these 3 factors, alcohol-related aggression explained the variance of overall aggression better than the other 2 factors. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that these 3 forms of aggression are distinct phenotypes (especially among men). Yet, people's alcohol-related aggression can accurately characterize their overall aggressive tendencies across these domains. Future research will benefit from articulating the unique and shared pathways and risk factors underlying each of these facets of aggression.
Results of the single-factor CFA. Values displayed over single-headed arrows represent standardized factor loadings and values displayed over curved, double-headed arrows represent standardized residual variances. The dashed loading was preset to one, as was the variance of G. Figure made with the semPlot package for R statistical software (Epskamp, 2015). ARA = alcohol-related aggression, DRA = drug-related aggression, NSRA = non-substance-related aggression, G = general aggression factor.
Results of the two-factor CFA. Values displayed over single-headed arrows represent standardized factor loadings and values displayed over curved, double-headed arrows represent standardized residual variances and the standardized inter-factor correlation. Dashed loadings were preset to one, as was the variance of each latent factor. ARA = alcohol-related aggression, DRA = drug-related aggression, NSRA = non-substance-related aggression, SRA = substance-related aggression.
Results of the three-factor CFA. Values displayed over single-headed arrows represent standardized factor loadings and values displayed over curved, double-headed arrows represent standardized residual variances. Dashed loadings were preset to one, as was the variance of each latent factor. ARA = alcohol-related aggression, DRA = drug-related aggression, NSRA = non-substance-related aggression.
Standardized factor loadings, factor correlations, and residual variances for the bi-factor-S-1 model, in which ARA defined G. Dashed factor correlations were preset to zero and dashed factor loadings were preset to one. ARA = alcohol-related aggression, DRA = drug-related aggression, G = general aggression factor.
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External
| Title | Authors | Journal | Year | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Genetic risk for trait aggression and alcohol use predict unique facets of alcohol-related aggression. | Spychala KM et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Punch-Drunk or Drunken Boxing? The Etiology of Alcohol-Related Physical Violence through Adolescence and Young Adulthood. | Deutsch AR | — | 2021 | → |
| The Interaction of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms on Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 Superfamily Genes Is Associated With Alcohol Dependence-Related Aggression. | Xu J et al. | — | 2021 | → |