Sequencing small genomic targets with high efficiency and extreme accuracy.
- Authors
- Schmitt, Michael W; Fox, Edward J; Prindle, Marc J; Reid-Bayliss, Kate S; True, Lawrence D; Radich, Jerald P; Loeb, Lawrence A
- Year
- 2015
- Journal
- Nature methods
- PMID
- 25849638
- DOI
- 10.1038/nmeth.3351
- PMCID
- PMC4414912
The detection of minority variants in mixed samples requires methods for enrichment and accurate sequencing of small genomic intervals. We describe an efficient approach based on sequential rounds of hybridization with biotinylated oligonucleotides that enables more than 1-million-fold enrichment of genomic regions of interest. In conjunction with error-correcting double-stranded molecular tags, our approach enables the quantification of mutations in individual DNA molecules.
High on-target recovery with sequential rounds of capture. (a) Human genomic DNA captured with biotinylated probes targeting Abl exons 4β7 results in low on-target recovery following one round of capture, while two rounds result in >97% of reads mapping to the targeted gene. Experiment 1 was carried out with conventional blocking oligonucleotides mws60 and mws61; experiment 2 used chemically modified high-affinity blocking oligonucleotides mws58 and mws59. (b) Percent of targeted nucleotides covered at a given sequencing depth following single and double capture. Both samples were sequenced on an equivalent fraction of a HiSeq 2500 lane (5 Γ 106 paired-end reads, corresponding to 3% of a single lane).
LLM interpretation
Figure (a) is a stacked bar chart showing the percentage of on-target reads (targeted exons in light gray and flanking introns in dark gray) across one, two, and three rounds of capture for two different experiments. In both experiments, on-target recovery increases from <10% after one round to nearly 100% after two or three rounds. Figure (b) is a line graph plotting the percent of targeted nucleotides covered against sequencing depth, showing that double capture (red line) maintains significantly higher coverage at greater sequencing depths compared to single capture (blue line).
Removal of sequencing artifacts by Duplex Sequencing. (a) Exons in Abl spanning the active site of the enzyme were enriched by the double-capture protocol and sequenced conventionally on an Illumina HiSeq 2500. Despite extremely stringent quality filtering (minimum Phred score 50), and removal of end-repair artifacts by 5-nucleotide trimming from read ends, true mutations cannot be discerned among the thousands of sequencing errors that persist. (b) Duplex Sequencing of the same sample reveals a single point mutation in Abl which confers imatinib resistance. The mutation was verified by RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing.
LLM interpretation
This figure consists of two line plots (a and b) showing the mutant fraction across genome positions for the *Abl* gene. Panel (a), representing conventional sequencing, shows a high level of background noise with numerous peaks of mutant fractions reaching up to 2.5%. In contrast, panel (b), representing Duplex Sequencing, shows a flat baseline with a single distinct peak at approximately genome position 1000, indicating a single point mutation.
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|---|---|---|
| Statistical modeling for sensitive detection of low-frequency single nucleotide variants. | 2016 | 27556804 |
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