The distinctive role of romantic relationships in moderating the effects of early caregiving on adult anxious-depressed symptoms over 9 years.

paper Cited Public

Authors: Salvatore, Jessica E; Haydon, Katherine C; Simpson, Jeffry A; Collins, W Andrew
Year: 2013
Journal: Development and psychopathology
PMID: 23880395
DOI: 10.1017/S0954579413000205
PMCID: PMC3725648

#	Section	Preview
20	Method — Procedures and Measures — Anxious-Depressed Symptoms (Ages 23, 26, and 32)	Participants completed the 119-item Young Adult Self-Report for ages 18-30 (YASR; Achenbach, 1997)…
21	Method — Procedures and Measures — Anxious-Depressed Symptoms (Ages 23, 26, and 32)	Linear mixed modeling requires measurement invariance, meaning that the same dependent measure must…
22	Method — Procedures and Measures — Discriminant Predictor and Covariates	The following discriminant predictor and covariates were used to test the uniqueness and specificity…
23	Method — Procedures and Measures — Discriminant Predictor and Covariates — Work competence (age 23)	At age 23, participants were interviewed and responded to paper-and-pencil questions about their…
24	Method — Procedures and Measures — Discriminant Predictor and Covariates — Maternal depressive symptoms (ages 48 months, 7, 8, 16, and 17.5 years)	Participants’ mothers reported their own depressive symptoms when the participants were 48 months,…
25	Method — Procedures and Measures — Discriminant Predictor and Covariates — Relationship length and cohabiting status (age 23)	At age 23, participants reported the length of their current romantic relationship (in months) and…
26	Method — Procedures and Measures — Discriminant Predictor and Covariates — Romantic relationship stability between ages 23 and 32	At ages 23 and 32, participants reported their romantic partner's name. Name data were then used to…
27	Method — Procedures and Measures — Discriminant Predictor and Covariates — Marital status (ages 23, 26, and 32)	Three dummy variables were coded for whether each participant was married at ages 23, 26, and 32.…
28	Method — Procedures and Measures — Discriminant Predictor and Covariates — Child status (ages 23, 26, and 32)	Three dummy variables were coded for whether each participant had a biological child at ages 23, 26,…
29	Results — Descriptive Statistics and Correlations	Descriptive statistics and zero-order correlations for all the variables are summarized in Table 2.…
30	Results — Analytic Plan	A linear mixed modeling (LMM) growth curve framework was used to analyze the data. Analyses were run…
31	Results — Analytic Plan	Caregivingi * Romantic Qualityi )+ b2i where ß1 is the intercept (the mean anxious-depressed…
32	Results — Analytic Plan	A parallel analysis was run to test the discriminant hypothesis that this moderating effect was…
33	Results — Analytic Plan	A follow-up LMM was then run to test the robustness of the observed early caregiving and age 23…
34	Results — Analytic Plan	1: Anxious-Depressed Symptomsij = ß1i + ß2iMarital Statusij + ß3iChild Statusij + ß4itij +…
35	Results — Analytic Plan	In all analyses, continuous variables were centered on their means prior to creating the interaction…
36	Results — Focal Analyses	The results for the primary LMM are shown in Table 3. There were no significant (p < .05) main…
37	Results — Focal Analyses	Predicted growth curves for the four configurations of early caregiving and adult romantic quality…
38	Results — Focal Analyses	for those who experienced high early caregiving and high adult romantic quality was moderately high…
39	Results — Focal Analyses	There was also a significant interaction between early caregiving and adult romantic quality in…

Name	Type
23-year cohort local	cohort
23-year-old participants local	cohort
26-year cohort local	cohort
32-year cohort local	cohort
adolescent relationships local	phenotype
adult clinical depression local	phenotype
Adult partners local	cohort
adult romantic outcomes local	phenotype
adult romantic quality local	phenotype
Adult romantic quality local	phenotype
adult romantic relationship quality local	phenotype
age 23 local	cohort
Age 23 local	cohort
Age 23 participants local	cohort
age 23 romantic quality local	phenotype
age 26 local	cohort
Age 26 local	cohort
age 32 local	cohort
Age 32 local	cohort
anxiety	phenotype
anxiety-depression local	phenotype
anxious-depressed subscale local	phenotype
anxious-depressed symptom local	phenotype
anxious-depressed symptom levels local	phenotype
anxious-depressed symptoms local	phenotype
Anxious-depressed symptoms local	phenotype
Anxious-Depressed Symptoms local	phenotype
anxious-depressed symptom score local	phenotype
attachment insecurity local	phenotype
biological child local	phenotype
bottom-up relationship processes local	phenotype
Child birth local	phenotype
child status local	phenotype
Child status local	phenotype
Child Status local	phenotype
cohabitation status local	phenotype
Cohabitation status local	phenotype
Commitment local	phenotype
conflict resolution	phenotype
control groups	cohort
dependency	phenotype
depressed adults local	phenotype
depression	phenotype
depression scale (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2) local	phenotype
depression scale (Symptom Checklist-90-Revised) local	phenotype
depressive symptoms	phenotype
early adulthood	cohort
early caregiving local	phenotype
Early caregiving local	phenotype
Early Caregiving local	phenotype
early caregiving experiences local	phenotype
Early Caregiving Experiences local	phenotype
early caregiving quality local	phenotype
Early caregiving quality local	phenotype
Early Caregiving x Romantic Quality local	phenotype
early interpersonal experiences local	phenotype
emotional arousal modulation local	phenotype
Emotional intimacy local	phenotype
Enduring patterns of adaptation local	phenotype
enjoyment	phenotype
Excessive Reassurance Seeking local	phenotype
externalizing disorders	phenotype
Few symptoms local	phenotype
having a child local	phenotype
high adult romantic quality local	phenotype
High adult romantic quality local	phenotype
High early caregiving local	phenotype
High early care & High adult romantic quality local	phenotype
high early care/low adult romantic quality group local	cohort
high quality early caregiving local	phenotype
high quality romantic relationship local	phenotype
High-Quality Romantic Relationship local	phenotype
Husbands local	cohort
insecure AAI classifications local	phenotype
insecure adult partnerships local	phenotype
insecure attachment histories local	phenotype
Insecure representations of early caregiving local	phenotype
intercept	phenotype
internalizing disorders	phenotype
Internalizing_Problems local	phenotype
Less favorable romantic relationship perceptions local	phenotype
Living with partner (Age 23) local	phenotype
Longitudinal study cohort local	cohort
low adult romantic quality local	phenotype
Low adult romantic quality local	phenotype
Low early caregiving local	phenotype
low early caregiving quality local	phenotype
Low early care & High adult romantic quality local	phenotype
Low early care / High adult romantic quality local	phenotype
low early care/high adult romantic quality group local	cohort
low early care/low adult romantic quality group local	cohort
low quality early care local	phenotype
low quality early caregiving local	phenotype
Low-quality romantic relationship local	phenotype
Low-Quality Romantic Relationship local	phenotype
low quality romantic relationships local	phenotype
major relationship-related life events local	phenotype
marital and social functioning local	phenotype
marital satisfaction	phenotype
marital status	phenotype
Maternal Depressive local	phenotype
maternal supportive presence local	phenotype
maternal verbal and emotional responsivity local	phenotype
middle childhood peer competence local	phenotype
Minnesota Longitudinal Study of Risk and Adaptation local	cohort
MLSRA local	cohort
MLSRA sample local	cohort
Moderate symptoms local	phenotype
mood disorders	phenotype
More favorable romantic relationship perceptions local	phenotype
Negatively Biased Social Information Processing local	phenotype
Negative Working Models of Self and Others local	phenotype
new romantic relationship local	phenotype
Overall Quality local	phenotype
parental warmth	phenotype
parent-child relationship	phenotype
participants	cohort
participants (age 23) local	cohort
Patterns of Child Rearing sample local	cohort
physical abuse	phenotype
Positive adult romantic experiences local	phenotype
Positive early caregiving experiences local	phenotype
positive self-reported romantic relationship perceptions local	phenotype
psychological health	phenotype
Psychologically defensive individuals local	phenotype
psychopathology	phenotype
Relationship Length (Age 23) local	phenotype
Relationship length information local	phenotype
relationship satisfaction	phenotype
Relationship stability local	phenotype
Relationship Stability 23-32 local	phenotype
relationship status	phenotype
romantic functioning local	phenotype
romantic quality local	phenotype
Romantic quality local	phenotype
Romantic Quality local	phenotype
Romantic Quality Composite local	phenotype
Romantic Quality dimension local	phenotype
romantic relationship (≥4 months) local	phenotype
romantic relationship length local	phenotype
Romantic relationship length local	phenotype
romantic relationship processes local	phenotype
romantic relationship quality local	phenotype
Romantic relationship quality local	phenotype
Romantic Relationship Quality local	phenotype
romantic relationship stability local	phenotype
Romantic relationship status (young adulthood) local	phenotype
same romantic partner local	phenotype
secure adult partnerships local	phenotype
secure attachment local	phenotype
Secure representations of early caregiving local	phenotype
Security local	phenotype
Sense of balance and control local	phenotype
sensitive supportive caregiving local	phenotype
sex	phenotype
state-of-mind local	phenotype
top-down relationship processes local	phenotype
wives	cohort
work competence local	phenotype
Work competence local	phenotype
Work Competence index local	phenotype
Workplace competence local	phenotype
young adult romantic quality local	phenotype
young adult romantic relationship experiences local	phenotype
young adult romantic relationship quality local	phenotype
young adult romantic relationships local	phenotype
Young Adult Romantic Relationships local	phenotype
young adult work competence local	phenotype

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The distinctive role of romantic relationships in moderating the effects of early caregiving on adult anxious-depressed symptoms over 9 years.

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