A systematic method for clinical description and classification of personality variants. A proposal.
paper
Cited
Public
Unavailable
- Authors
- Cloninger, C R
- Year
- 1987
- Journal
- Archives of general psychiatry
- PMID
- 3579504
- DOI
- 10.1001/archpsyc.1987.01800180093014
A systematic method for clinical description and classification of both normal and abnormal personality variants is proposed based on a general biosocial theory of personality. Three dimensions of personality are defined in terms of the basic stimulus-response characteristics of novelty seeking, harm avoidance, and reward dependence. The possible underlying genetic and neuroanatomical bases of observed variation in these dimensions are reviewed and considered in relation to adaptive responses to environmental challenge. The functional interaction of these dimensions leads to integrated patterns of differential response to novelty, punishment, and reward. The possible tridimensional combinations of extreme (high or low) variants on these basic stimulus-response characteristics correspond closely to traditional descriptions of personality disorders. This reconciles dimensional and categorical approaches to personality description. It also implies that the underlying structure of normal adaptive traits is the same as that of maladaptive personality traits, except for schizotypal and paranoid disorders.
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| Cerebellar BDNF Promotes Exploration and Seeking for Novelty. | Laricchiuta D et al. | β | 2018 | β |
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| Effects of Amphetamine on Sensorimotor Gating and Neurocognition in Antipsychotic-Medicated Schizophrenia Patients. | Swerdlow NR et al. | β | 2018 | β |
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| Food and nutrient intakes by temperament traits: findings in the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study. | PerΓ€lΓ€ MM et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| GAD65 Promoter Polymorphism rs2236418 Modulates Harm Avoidance in Women via Inhibition/Excitation Balance in the Rostral ACC. | Colic L et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Gray Matter Volume of a Region in the Thalamic Pulvinar Is Specifically Associated with Novelty Seeking. | Stam D et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Influence of Personality Traits on the Severity of Alcohol Use Disorders. | Γlvarez A et al. | β | 2018 | β |
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| Personality as an intermediate phenotype for genetic dissection of alcohol use disorder. | Oreland L et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Possible associations of personality traits representing harm avoidance and self-directedness with medication adherence in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. | Tominaga Y et al. | β | 2018 | β |
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| Temperament clusters associate with anxiety disorder comorbidity in depression. | Paavonen V et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| The association between COMT rs4680 and 5-HTTLPR genotypes and concussion history in South African rugby union players. | Mc Fie S et al. | β | 2018 | β |
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| The relationship between emotion regulation strategies, personality traits and skin picking behaviours in a non-clinical sample of Polish adults. | Prochwicz K et al. | β | 2018 | β |
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| The salience network and human personality: Integrity of white matter tracts within anterior and posterior salience network relates to the self-directedness character trait. | Prillwitz CC et al. | β | 2018 | β |
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| Beyond Behavioral Inhibition: A Computer Avatar Task Designed to Assess Behavioral Inhibition Extends to Harm Avoidance. | Allen MT et al. | β | 2017 | β |
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| Exploring the relationship between social attachment and dopamine D<sub>2/3</sub> receptor availability in the brains of healthy humans using [<sup>11</sup>C]-(+)-PHNO. | Caravaggio F et al. | β | 2017 | β |
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| No Association between the Polymorphism rs6943555 in the <i>AUTS2</i> Gene and Personality Traits in Japanese University Students. | Narita S et al. | β | 2017 | β |
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| Discriminability of personality profiles in isolated and Co-morbid marijuana and nicotine users. | Ketcherside A et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Effortful control as a dimension of temperament is negatively associated with prefrontal serotonin transporter availability in obese and non-obese individuals. | Zientek F et al. | β | 2016 | β |
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| Harm Avoidance and Self-Directedness Characterize Fibromyalgic Patients and the Symptom Severity. | Leombruni P et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Hemispheric Lateralization of Resting-State Functional Connectivity of the Anterior Insula: Association with Age, Gender, and a Novelty-Seeking Trait. | Kann S et al. | β | 2016 | β |
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| Individual variation in the neural processes of motor decisions in the stop signal task: the influence of novelty seeking and harm avoidance personality traits. | Hu J et al. | β | 2016 | β |
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| Lessons learned--resolving the enigma of genetic factors in IBS. | Gazouli M et al. | β | 2016 | β |
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| Relationship Between Temperament and Character Traits, Mood, and Medications in Bipolar I Disorder. | Chavez SB et al. | β | 2016 | β |
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| Changes in the Temperament and Character Inventory dimensions after paroxetine treatment in patients with major depressive disorder. | Tomita T et al. | β | 2015 | β |
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| Doubling Your Payoff: Winning Pain Relief Engages Endogenous Pain Inhibition | Becker S et al. | β | 2015 | β |
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| Facial transplantation in a blind patient: psychologic, marital, and family outcomes at 15 months follow-up. | Lemmens GM et al. | β | 2015 | β |
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| Harmonic and frequency modulated ultrasonic vocalizations reveal differences in conditioned and unconditioned reward processing. | Garcia EJ et al. | β | 2015 | β |
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| Might the temperament be a bias in clinical study on attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?: Novelty Seeking dimension as a core feature of ADHD. | Donfrancesco R et al. | β | 2015 | β |
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| Psychometric Evaluation of the Substance Use Risk Profile Scale (SURPS) in an Inpatient Sample of Substance Users Using Cue-Reactivity Methodology. | Schlauch RC et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Psychopathy and Low Anxiety: Meta-Analytic Evidence for the Absence of Inhibition, Not Affect. | Derefinko KJ | β | 2015 | β |
| Relationship between temperament, character and the autistic trait in parents of children with autistic spectrum disorder. | Kadak MT et al. | β | 2015 | β |
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| Serotonergic Systems in the Pathophysiology of Ethanol Dependence: Relevance to Clinical Alcoholism. | Marcinkiewcz CA | β | 2015 | β |
| Some personality traits converge gradually by long-term partnership through the lifecourse--genetic and environmental structure of Cloninger's temperament and character dimensions. | Yang S et al. | β | 2015 | β |
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| Study on the Difference of BIS/BAS Scale between Sasang Types. | Lee SJ et al. | β | 2015 | β |
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| Evaluation of the temperament and character properties of patients with ankylosing spondylitis. | Gokmen F et al. | β | 2014 | β |
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| Is there a practical way of predicting therapeutic success in type 2 diabetes on the basis of psychological features? Development and validation of the Psychological Predictors of Therapeutic success in Diabetes (PPTD) questionnaire. | Rotella F et al. | β | 2014 | β |
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