cannabis use risk_factor_for schizophrenia

bidirectional associations was observed between cannabis use and schizophrenia

cannabis use ... may signal causal effects ... on a range of other outcomes (notably schizophrenia)

early use of cannabis ... part of the genetic risk for schizophrenia operates by altering sensitivity to environmental factors

higher degree of association between lifetime cannabis use and schizophrenia in Met carriers

cannabis use predicted schizophrenia; individuals with schizophrenia had higher rates of cannabis use than siblings or controls

exposure to cannabis ... is a component or contributing cause ... culminating in schizophrenia

early exposure to cannabis is associated with a greater risk for psychotic outcome ... such as schizophrenia.

Individuals who reported psychotic symptoms at baseline were also more likely to develop schizophrenia if they used cannabis.

heavy cannabis users by the age of 18 were 6.7 times more likely than non‑users to be hospitalized for schizophrenia in the following 27 years

cannabis precipitates schizophrenia or alters the course of the disorder

Meta-analyses suggest that cannabis might account for between 8 and 14% of schizophrenia cases.