and denote the normal and uniform densities, respectively. The free parameter σH represents sample-level noise in excess of the HSCR standard-error σi, which might represent a moderate number of related clones in the malignant cell population, ongoing genomic instability, or excessive noise due to variable experimental conditions. The mixture weights θ = {θs∈S} specify the expected genomic fraction allocated to each copy-state. The parameter d represents the domain of the uniform density, corresponding to the range of plausible copy-ratio values (we used d = 7).