All analyses were conducted in Mplus version 8.4 (Muthén & Muthén, 1998–2019). First, bivariate correlation analysis using Pearson’s correlation coefficient was computed to examine associations among offspring P3 amplitude, FT power, binge drinking, and all independent variables. Next, to calculate preexisting group differences between offspring sex regarding self-reported closeness with mother and father during adolescence (ages 12–17) on P3 amplitude, FT power, and binge drinking, independent samples t-tests were used. Next, a multivariate multiple linear regression model (see Figure S1) using complex type analysis and maximum likelihood estimate assessed the association of father–adolescent closeness and mother–adolescent closeness on offspring target-P3 amplitude, target-FT power, and binge drinking. All dependent variables were modeled simultaneously. The model was also adjusted for familial clustering, age, sex, race/ethnicity, parental AUD and SUD symptom counts, parental education and income, and offspring impulsiveness (N: 1253, Number of Free Parameters (NP): 104, Loglikelihood (LL): −38,665.09, Akaike’s Information Criterion [AIC; (Akaike, 1976)]: 77,538.19, Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC): 78,072.05). Secondary model: The primary model was segregated by offspring sex (N (males):631, N (females): 622, NP: 180, LL: −37,626.34, AIC: 75,612.68,
