In the EA case-control sample, SNP3 and SNP8 were in HWE in both cases and controls. In the AA case-control sample, SNP3 was in significant Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium (HWD) in cases (P=7.0×10−4), and SNP8 was in nominal HWD in cases (P=0.025), but both were in HWE in controls (P>0.05), which may be an indication of marker-phenotype association (Luo et al 2006).