Our discovery of the rs910083 association with nicotine dependence was made possible by assembling the largest possible sample size of FTND studies comprised of ever-smokers to maximize statistical power. No large FTND studies were left for replication, but because CPD is a central component of both the FTND and the heavy vs never smoking definition used in the UK Biobank, we tested for independent confirmation of the novel association with heavy vs never smoking and found that rs910083-C also conferred risk in the UK Biobank.
