For the MR analyses, we focus on more robust causal relationships supported by more than one MR method (Table 1). A putative causal link from LCU to BIP was observed. While the CUD GWAS lacked the power to estimate causal effects on psychotic disorders using genome-wide significant loci, a relaxed threshold revealed a putative causal link to SCZ (Supplementary Table 13). Strong evidence for reverse causal associations were observed where (i) the genetic liability to SCZ increased the odds of both LCU and CUD and (ii) the genetic liability to BIP increased the odds of LCU. LCV analyses did not support any causal association (Supplementary Table 14).
