These findings should be considered within the context of the following potential limitations. First, potential motion-related noise in the neuroimaging data may have influenced the results of ICA and subsequent examination of functional connectivity indices. However, careful pre-inspection of neuroimaging data was undertaken to eliminate artifacts, and ICA parses out noise-related variance when delineating components. FHP and FHN groups did differ on parental education, and although controlling for education did not alter the connectivity difference, it will be important for future studies to match FHN to FHP on education and other related variables. In addition, although our cross-sectional analyses found evidence for age differences in connectivity, a longitudinal design would be better suited to examine change in connectivity as a function of age and in relation to family history. Also, although we examined associations between number of family members with AUD and functional connectivity, we did not assess family history of other drug use disorders. Similarly, although we collected retrospective information from mothers about alcohol and drug use during pregnancy, a more extensive interview with the mothers may have provided
