AUD and functional connectivity, we did not assess family history of other drug use disorders. Similarly, although we collected retrospective information from mothers about alcohol and drug use during pregnancy, a more extensive interview with the mothers may have provided additional information about substance use during pregnancy, potentially allowing for a more systematic investigation between family history, maternal use of alcohol and other drugs during pregnancy, and brain connectivity. From the data that we did have available, the reduced connectivity in the FHP group in premotor cortex was not modified after removing participants whose mothers reported alcohol or other drug use during pregnancy. In terms of substance use in the adolescent participants themselves, our inclusion criteria allowed some degree of alcohol, marijuana, and tobacco use, as these substances are commonly used during adolescence. Nevertheless, it is conceivable that some modest amount of past use may have altered functional connectivity. Future studies should study FHP children prior to adolescence when there is no substance use history. Indeed, some brain measures may show a more striking difference between FHP and FHN participants prior to adolescence.43 Our resting state scan, albeit at least as long as other resting state studies in FHP individuals,16,17
