The four groups did not differ significantly in children's sex ratio (χ2(3) = 4.05, P = 0.26), race/ethnicity (χ2(12) = 13.05, P = 0.37), BMI categories (χ2(9) = 11.61, P = 0.24) (Table 1), family income levels (χ2(9) = 13.36; P = 0.15) or mothers' education (χ2(9) = 13.19; P = 0.15). Nearly half (49.0%; n = 147) of the children were classified as FHP (first-degree relative only, n = 40; second-degree relative only, n = 74; both generations, n = 33). Approximately one in four children (24%) had a parent who had a history of alcohol dependence (15% of the children had a mother with a history of alcohol dependence), consistent with estimates of familial incidence of alcoholism in the United States [49].
