Baseline saccharin intake was calculated for each rat during the 2 days prior to clonidine treatment. Rats were ranked in descending order in terms of average daily saccharin consumption and assigned to treatment groups (vehicle or 40 µg clonidine/kg BW) in a manner that ensured that the groups did not differ in baseline saccharin intake prior to clonidine administration, as described for alcohol intake in Study 1.