We previously examined gene expression in postmortem RNA samples from the premotor cortex of controls, from individuals with BP taking typical antipsychotic medications (BP+), and from unmedicated patients with BP (BP−). Remarkably, gene expression profiles of BP+ were more similar to controls than to BP−.56 When differentially expressed transcripts from BP− brain were compared with those from BP iPSC-derived neurons, 151 significantly altered genes were identified; 57 genes were expressed in a similar direction (χ2=651; P⩽1 × 10−7) including transcripts involved in cell migration, calcium signaling and neurotransmitter receptors (Supplementary Table 11).
