It is well-established that given the heterogeneity and complexity of AUD, as well as differences in consumption and consequences of alcohol use among ethnic groups (for review see17), there is an unmet need for personalized AUD treatment.59 Given the rather modest clinical effects associated with the currently approved medications for AUD, not only is it necessary to develop novel therapeutics for the treatment of AUD, but it is also important to identify those patients most likely to respond to the available medications to improve treatment outcomes.60 This review summarizes existing studies that analyze the effect of gene variants on AUD pharmacotherapy response in individuals of diverse ancestries. We first highlighted the implications of health disparities in access to healthcare and response to treatment. Then, we reviewed the current literature discussing AUD treatment response among individuals of different ancestries and the role of pharmacogenetics in treatment response. The most frequently studied polymorphism is the Asn40Asp SNP of the OPRM1 gene. While the findings are mixed for individuals of European ancestry, more promising findings emerge among G allele carriers of East Asian
