Weissman, 2011). Moreover, altered connectivity between default-mode and cognitive control regions has been reported in smokers following nicotine abstinence and linked with withdrawal-related cognitive deficits (Cole et al., 2011). Importantly, Camchong and coworkers (2011) examined rsFC in current cocaine users, individuals likely to be experiencing at least some degree of acute withdrawal, and the enhanced positive connectivity they observed between default-mode (rostral ACC) and cognitive control (dlPFC) regions may reflect state changes associated with withdrawal. In the latter sections of this review, we describe in greater detail how maladaptive interactions within and between these two large-scale networks following acute abstinence may provide a neurobiologically plausible account of the cognitive deficits often observed in addicted individuals.
