The NCBI RefSeq prokaryotic genome collection represents assembled prokaryotic genomes with different levels of quality and sampling density. For prokaryotes, based on past community feedback our current policy is to provide genome annotation for all prokaryotic genomes that meet our quality criteria. In recent years, we have faced two major challenges: (i) keeping up with the rapid escalation of submitted prokaryotic genomes; and, (ii) addressing a growing inconsistency in genome annotation due to the use of both an INSDC propagation-based pipeline and different versions of a NCBI de novo genome annotation pipeline as developed over time.