The data were drawn from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) Prospective Study. COGA is a large, multisite, multigenerational family study. Between 2004 and 2019, adolescent and young adult offspring from families densely affected with AUD and community comparison families (ages 12–22 at baseline), with at least one parent who had been interviewed in the original COGA study, were recruited into the Prospective Study and have been followed up biennially. The Prospective Study aimed to examine how genetic risks unfold across development and in conjunction with the environment. These offspring completed the Semi-structured Assessment of Genetics of Alcoholism (SSAGA) (Bucholz et al., 2017) at enrollment and were re-interviewed at ~2-year intervals. The SSAGA is a comprehensive structured psychiatric diagnostic interview covering histories of alcohol use, problems, and disorders, as well as other substance use and psychiatric disorders, to obtain DSM diagnoses, as well as measures of the home environment such as parental closeness. Prospective Study participants also completed neurophysiological protocols, including P3 amplitude and FT power measured to targets during a Visual Oddball Task. The IRBs at
