To further probe the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and related immune genes, we used the Nanostring Inflammation Panel to screen mRNA levels of 254 inflammation-related genes. In this screen, we found 17 immune-related genes that were significantly altered in the cerebellum (Fig. 4b). We followed this screen with qPCR quantification of these gene targets as well as other selected proinflammatory targets and chemokine ligands and receptors associated with CCR2/5 signaling (Fig. 4c). Including more samples as well as samples from mice treated with CVC, we found that gene expression was significantly altered in the hippocampus, cortex, and cerebellum and that CVC treatment corrected some of these alterations (Fig. 4c). Prominently, we observed an upregulation in the CCR2/5 signaling pathway in alcohol-fed mice in the hippocampus that was significantly decreased by CVC treatment in both paradigms (Fig. 4c, Table 4). Interestingly, the most significant effect of ethanol on gene expression among all inflammatory markers measured was found in the hippocampus, where we also observed the most infiltration of CCR2+ peripheral macrophages. Tables 3, 4, and 5 provide the mean and standard
